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迁徙停歇期鸻鹬类在崇明东滩潮间带的食物分布
引用本文:朱晶,敬凯,干晓静,马志军.迁徙停歇期鸻鹬类在崇明东滩潮间带的食物分布[J].生态学报,2007,27(6):2149-2159.
作者姓名:朱晶  敬凯  干晓静  马志军
作者单位:1. 生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所,上海,200433
2. 生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所,上海,200433;云南师范大学生命科学学院,昆明,650092
基金项目:国家自然科学基金;上海市科委资助项目
摘    要:崇明东滩是鸻鹬类在东亚-澳大利西亚迁徙路线上重要的迁徙停歇地,滩涂上的底栖动物为迁徙的候鸟提供了丰富的食物来源。采用圆筒取样法对崇明东滩潮间带的大型底栖动物群落进行了研究。研究表明,该区域的大型底栖动物主要有腹足类、双壳类、甲壳类、多毛类环节动物及昆虫幼虫等类群。其中以腹足类密度最高((2805±360)个/m^2),约占底栖动物总密度的80%。其次为双壳类,密度为(320±31)个/m^2。双壳类的生物量(湿重)为(51.4±7.8)g/m^2,腹足类(38.7±5.1)g/m^2,两者占底栖动物总生物量的90%以上。不同类群的底栖动物在潮间带的空间分布上有显著差异。腹足类主要分布在海三棱藨草带,双壳类在海三棱藨草外带至光滩区域分布较多。从空间分布来看,腹足类在崇明东滩的北部区域分布较多,在南部区域则明显减少。双壳类在南北各条样线上的平均密度没有显著差异。除双壳类在秋季迁徙期的密度高于春季迁徙期外(P〈0.001),其他类群的底栖动物在春季和秋季迁徙期的密度均无显著差异(P〉0.05)。

关 键 词:鸻鹬类  食物  底栖动物  潮间带  迁徙停歇地  崇明东滩
文章编号:1000-0933(2007)06-2149-11
收稿时间:2006/6/20 0:00:00
修稿时间:2006-06-202006-12-15

Food supply in intertidal area for shorebirds during stopover at Chongming Dongtan, China
ZHU Jing,JING Kai,GAN Xiaojing and MA Zhijun.Food supply in intertidal area for shorebirds during stopover at Chongming Dongtan, China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(6):2149-2159.
Authors:ZHU Jing  JING Kai  GAN Xiaojing and MA Zhijun
Institution:1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China ;2 .School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
Abstract:The wetland in Chongming Dongtan is an important stopover site for migratory shorebirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. The high abundance macrobenthos in Chongming Dongtan allow migratory birds to refuel during stopover. This study analyzed the distribution and density of macrobenthos in the intertidal zone. Results showed that the macrobenthos are mainly consisted of gastropods, bivalves, polychaetes, crustaceans and insect larvae. The density of gastropods ((2805±360)ind./m2) was the highest, accounting for up to 80% of the total macrobenthos density. Meanwhile, bivalves ((51.4±7.8)g/m2) and gastropods ((38.7±5.1)g/m2) together accounted for more than 90% of the total biomass. On the other hand, there were significant differences in the distribution of macrobenthos among different intertidal zones. Gastropods were confined mainly to the sea-bulrush zones, while bivalves were confined mainly to the outer sea-bulrush zone and the sandy flat. In term of the spatial distribution in density, the gastropod density was high in the north but low in the south. However, no significant difference was found in the density of macrobenthos groups between spring and autumn, except the density of bivalves in autumn was significantly higher than that in spring (P<0.001).
Keywords:shorebirds  food  macrobenthos  intertidal flats  stopover sites  Chongming Dongtan
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