黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域近70年农业生态安全评价

在国内外已有研究的基础上,结合黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域近70a来农业生态经济系统演变过程,参考PSR模型,从生态环境、社会经济和综合功能3方面构建黄土丘陵区流域农业生态安全评价指标体系,基于层次分析法赋权的综合指数评价方法,对纸坊沟流域1938～2005年农业生态安全状况进行评价.结果表明:该流域农业生态安全状况发生了先降后升的变化,1938年处于较安全状况,1958年为极不安全状况,1975年和1985年都处于较不安全状况,1995年处于临界安全状况,2005年属于较安全状况.评价结果表明纸坊沟流域还需要进一步优化农业系统结构,实现农业生态安全.

Assessment of agricultural ecological security of the Zhifanggou Valley in the Loess Hilly Region over 70 years

Ecological security is one of the foundations of national security, and is the basis of regional sustainable development. Regional ecological security includes ecological-environmental security, economic security and social security. On the basis of the development of the eco-economic system of Zhifanggou Valley in the Loess Hilly Region over 70 years, based on historical research and related literature, and with the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model framework as a foundation, a 3-layer conceptual assessment index system for the agricultural eco-security, which included ecological-environment, socio-economic, and integrated functions, was established for the Loess Hilly Region. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and an integrating index evaluation method, the Zhifanggou Valley was used as a case study and its agricultural eco-security status, from 1938 to 2005, was assessed quantitatively. The results showed that its Ecological Security Integrated Value (ESIV) had a trend of unsafe to safe. The valley was in a relatively safe and a very unsafe state in 1938 and 1958, respectively; in an unsafe condition in 1975 and 1985; and in a critically safe and a relatively safe state in 1995 and 2005, respectively. The research results indicated that the agricultural system structure of the Zhifanggou Valley is still in need of further optimization for realizing agricultural eco-security.