橡胶林固定CO2和释放O2的服务功能及其价值估计

橡胶树除生产橡胶和提供优质木材外，还有长期不为人们注意的生态服务功能。以中国的橡胶林为研究对象，采用标准标木生物量法，对橡胶林固定CO2和释放O2的生态服务功能及其价值估计进行了研究。结果表明中国橡胶林目前每年从大气中固定的CO2总量为411万t，所释放的O2为299万t。经分别采用C税法和工业制氧成本法估计了CO2和O2的价值达到1238亿元和12亿元。二者价值之和相当于中国橡胶林每年生产橡胶和提供木材等直接产品价值的28.7倍。橡胶林CO2的固定能力是热带山地雨林的4.7倍。50a来中国橡胶林已累计固定CO2达到11292万t，释放O2达8212万t，对短期内缓解大气的温室效应发挥了巨大的作用。

Function of Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release of Rubber Plantations and Its Value Estimation

Rubber trees can not only produce rubber and high quality wood but also provide significant ecological service that has been neglected for a long time. The ecological service and its value of the rubber plantations were studied. The carbon sequestration in the rubber tree was determined by means of biomass of mean rubber tree, and the oxygen release was then derived based on the photosynthesis. The results showed that the carbon sequestration from the atmosphere totaled 4 11 million tones/year and that the oxygen release totaled 2 99 million tones/year. The values of the CO 2 and O 2 were estimated RMB 123 8 billion yuan and RMB1.20 billion yuan when calculated by using the methods of the carbon tax and the cost of oxygen production respectively. The sum of the values was 28 7 times of that of their direct products (such as rubber, timber, etc). The CO 2 sequestration of the rubber plantations was 4 7 times of that of the tropical rainforest. The CO 2 sequestration and O 2 release of the rubber plantation in China has totaled 112 9 million tones and 82 1 million tones respectively over the last 50 years, which has been playing important role in reducing the global green house effect.