苔藓土壤节肢动物群落及其多样性

苔藓土壤中分布着种类和数量丰富的节肢动物 ,主要是中、小型土壤动物。对上海市区苔藓土壤节肢动物群落进行了为期一年的调查研究 ,用 Tullgren分离装置 ,共收集土壤节肢动物 1 95 4 2只 ,隶属 5纲 1 1目 46科 5 8种。螨类和弹尾类共占总捕量的 97.4%,为苔藓土壤节肢动物的优势类群。螨类占苔藓土壤节肢动物种类的 74.2 %,个体数量的 79.7%,是苔藓土壤节肢动物群落的特征类群。优势种跗线螨 ( Tarsone-mus sp.)和真长须螨 ( Eustigmaeus clavated)均取食苔藓 ,并耐受低温 ,跗线螨占节肢动物总捕量的 45 %,真长须螨占 1 5 %。苔藓层节肢动物以螨类的前气门亚目为主 ,多为优势种和常见种 ,个体数量多 ,而土壤层节肢动物以螨类的隐气门亚目和弹尾类为主 ,种类较丰富。苔藓土壤节肢动物群落的多样性指数和优势集中性指数主要由螨类决定 ,受季节的影响明显 ,5月和 1 0月份多样性指数最高 ,1月份最低 ,而 1月优势集中性指数最高

Community structure and diversity of arthropods in moss soil

The community structure and diversity of arthropods in moss soil in the campus of Fudan University, Shanghai were investigated from October 1992 to October 1993. The experimental area was a 200m 2 stand of Ligustrum incidum, Metasequoia hlyptostroboides, Cinnamomum camphora and Neriu indicum trees,in which the forest floor was covered by a continuous thick layer of moss. Samples were collected monthly, mid month commencing at 10.00 am. A metal sampler (10cm×10cm×10cm) was used, and 5 samples were ...