鼎湖山森林地表水水质状况分析

对鼎湖山生物圈保护区内两溪流水源水质状况进行了调查，结果发现：①鼎湖山地表水总体水质较好，符合地面水环境质量标准的I类水源水质标准。区内水体受污染程度低，绝大多数指标均符合饮用水卫生标准。②水体pH值较低，Al含量较高，总有机碳测定表现出整个水体受到一定程度的有机污染。水体中有害金属Mn和Pb含量略高，但都远低于饮用水卫生标准。③对地表水来源过程环节的水化学分析比较表明：大气降水、穿透水、土壤溶液（30cm层和80cm层）和地表水水样的pH值呈现“M”形变化。酸雨和土壤表层酸化是该区地表水pH值偏低的主要原因。地表水和30cm土壤溶液中的Al浓度分别是大气降水的5倍和8倍，地表水中的Al主要来源于酸雨对土壤的淋溶。地表水中的Na主要来源于大气降水。大气降水Pb浓度是地表水的17倍，林冠吸收富集和土壤固定吸附使地表水中的Pb大幅度降低。穿透水和土壤溶液中的Mn、K、Ca、Mg、Sr比大气降水和地表水浓度高，反映了元素被酸雨淋溶、活化和被植物、土壤吸收吸附的过程。从长远看，尽管在森林保存完好的地区，区域环境的恶化及酸雨对地表水水质的影响仍不容忽视。

Analysis on Runoff Water Quality in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve was in the extent of acid rain hazard. The runoff water quality in the forest can show the response of regional geochemistry conditions to the processes of environmental acidification. Three samples about the water quality background value of two streams (two from the east stream and one from the west stream) in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve were analyzed. The total organic carbon were 0 87mg·L -1 , 1 26 mg·L -1 (for east stream) and 1.51 mg·L -1 (for west stream)...