基于最大熵模型的野生马麝夏季生境适宜性研究

野生马麝(Moschus chrysogaster)是珍稀濒危资源动物，分布于我国青藏高原及周边地区。甘肃兴隆山国家级自然保护区是野生马麝最重要的分布区之一，深入了解保护区的生境结构、质量及分布是对区域内野生马麝进行成功保护的前提和基础，但迄今缺乏大尺度的马麝生境适宜性研究。利用实地调查得到的兴隆山保护区的野生马麝夏季分布点数据，采用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型，结合地形、归一化植被指数、距河流距离、距道路距离等环境变量数据，进行野生马麝的夏季生境适宜性分析。结果表明：影响野生马麝夏季生境适宜性的主要生态因子是海拔、坡向、植被和河流，其贡献率分别达40.3%,23.4%,18.6%和10.9%;兴隆山保护区野生马麝的夏季潜在适宜生境分布面积为123.34 km²,占整个保护区的41.11%,占保护区林地的61.92%;野生马麝夏季潜在适宜生境主要集中在保护区的中部和西部，其中高适宜性生境约为保护区的4.47%,各适宜区间及适宜区之内均存在一定程度的不连续分布。为加强对兴隆山保护区野生马麝种群及生境的就地保护，建议通过生境保育措施，提高野生马麝潜在分布区的生境适宜性，...

Summer habitat suitability of wild alpine musk deer based on MaxEnt model

Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) has been critically endangered, distributed in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and surrounding areas in China. Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve (XNNR) is one of the most important distributing area of wild alpine musk deer, in-depth understanding of the habitat structure, quality and distribution of the reserve is a prerequisite and basis for successful conservation of alpine musk deer in this region, but there is lack of research on the habitat suitability of alpine musk deer on a large scale in XNNR. In this study, we used the distribution point data of wild alpine musk deer in XNNR obtained from field survey, and used MaxEnt model, combined with data of environmental variables such as topography, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to waterway and distance to road to conduct summer habitat suitability analysis of wild alpine musk deer. The results showed that the main factors affecting the summer habitat suitability of alpine musk deer were altitude (accounting for 40.3%), aspect (accounting for 23.4%), normalized difference vegetation index (accounting for 18.6%) and distance to waterway (accounting for 10.9%); the distribution area of potentially summer suitable habitats for alpine musk deer in XNNR was 123.34 km², accounting for 41.11% of the whole reserve and 61.92% of the forest land in entire reserve; the potential summer distribution areas of alpine musk deer were mainly concentrated in the central and western reserve, of which the highly suitable habitats were about 4.47% of the reserve, and there were discontinuous distribution areas among and within the suitability areas. To strengthen the in situ conservation of wild alpine musk deer population and habitats in XNNR, it is recommended that habitat conservation measures should be taken to improve the habitat suitability of the potential distribution area of alpine musk deer, and to increase the connectivity between suitable habitats.