基于MSPA模型的新型城市热景观连通性分析

基于土地利用景观格局对城市热岛效应的影响研究较多，但准确识别对城市热岛效应具有重要影响的关键斑块和节点方面的研究亟待开展。以新型中小城市株洲云龙示范区为例，以城市热岛网络构建为切入点，应用形态学空间格局分析(Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis, MSPA)与景观连通性模型识别城市发展进程中核心热景观斑块和关键节点，并分析其时空演变特征。研究结果表明：(1)2007—2018年云龙示范区热岛斑块趋于集中，热岛面积较研究初期有明显增加，从地表温度空间分布上体现为城区与周边农村的温度对比更加鲜明，表明城市化进程中建设用地呈聚集扩散趋势。(2)研究期间热岛核心区占热景观面积比最大，且比例有明显上升趋势。而边缘、支线、孤岛、桥接、环线以及孔隙形态类型面积占比均呈现出不同程度的下降趋势，表明热岛斑块之间聚集程度不断提高。(3)识别出景观连通度重要性值较高的前20热景观斑块，其中前3斑块的重要性值和面积占比较大，属于极重要与重要两个热岛核心斑块重要性等级，值得重点关注与优化。(4)对重要性值高的热岛核心区域可优先采取降温措施，可以打断节点之间连接减缓整个区域...

Analysis connectivity of urban heat island in a new-type urbanization based on MSPA model

Many previous studies have concerned with the effects of land use/land cover changes and landscape patterns on the urban heat island. However, accurate identification of key patches and nodes with high contribution to urban heat island need to be urgently studied. Using Yunlong Demonstration Zone of Zhuzhou, a new-type city, as the case study area based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and landscape connectivity model, this study constructed an urban heat island network to identify the spatio-temporal dynamic characteristics of core thermal landscape patches and nodes in process of urban development. The results showed that:(1) from 2007 to 2018, heat island patches tended to be concentrated in Yunlong Demonstration Zone, and the area of heat island increased significantly compared with the initial stage of the study. From the spatial distribution of land surface temperature, the contrast between urban area and surrounding countryside was more distinct. (2) During the study period, the area of heat island core class was the largest, and the area proportion showed an obviously rising trend. While the area proportion of edge class, branch class, islet class, bridge class, loop class and perforation class showed a decreasing trend to varying degrees, which was largely related to the increase of aggregation degree between heat island patches. (3) The top 20 thermal landscape patches with higher importance value of landscape connectivity were identified, and the importance value and area of the top 3 patches were relatively large, which should be deserved more attention and optimization. (4) Patch-based cooling measures adopted to avoid the connection between node could effectively alleviate the heat island effects in the whole region. The results of this study have important practical significance for the planning and sustainable development of small and medium-sized cities in China.