原始老龄林内兴安落叶松种子命运的试验研究

兴安落叶松土壤种子库的支出主要有３个方面：种子萌发、动物取食和生活力丧失。兴安落叶松种子在６月份迅速萌发，占全年总萌发量的９０％。７月中下旬，土壤已经不存在有生活力的种子。在生长季初期，鼠类对种子取食率仅１％，到生长季中后期接近２０％。然而，此时幼苗发生基本结束，被食种子大部分为生活力很弱或丧失生活力者。红背Ｐｉｎｇ是主要的食种子者。落叶松在时间上逃避了鼠类取食种子。一般，鼠类仅就地取食１０％的落

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON FATE OF LARIX GMELINI SEEDS IN THE SOIL IN OLD-GROWTH LARCH STANDS

The germination, hervivore foraging and viability losing are major output of Larix gmelini seeds in the soil from seed dispersal to seedling establishment. Most of seeds germinated under the suitable condition in June, accounting for 90% of the total germination. Then,only through a short period of time, the ungerminated seeds died. The animals relevant to soil seed are as following:rodents, ants and birds. Foraging rate at early growing season is only at 1 %, about 20% at the following seasons. Clethrionomys rutilus is the major herhivorer. So,Larix gmelini escape rodent's peak period temporally. Rodents which have close relationship with Larix gmelini seed disperse 90% of seeds, only forage 10%. Ant almost disperse all met L. gmelini seeds. Birds are not closely related to soil seeds. Rapid seed germination at the beginning of the growing season should be attributed to those factors: (1) suitable soil temperature and soil moisture, otherwise, seeds will not germinate or loss their viability owing to high temperature and moisture in the soil. (2) low rodent abundance(0. 7% in May but 5. 7% in August for Clethrionomys rutilus rodent), (3) short growing season, which select seeds that germinate rapidly when the conditions are favorable in order that seedlings may be adequately established by the end of the short growth season.