云雾山天然草地物种分布与环境因子的关系

应用数量生态学中的梯度分析方法研究了云雾山天然草地群落类型、物种分布以及与环境因子的关系.研究结果表明,作为重要的人为管理措施,封育通过改善草地的水分、养分等环境条件,显著影响了云雾山草地的物种分布和群落类型.在封育草地,植被类型为本氏针茅群落,未封育草地为铁杆蒿群落.本氏针茅、百里香、大针茅、直茎点地梅、阿尔泰狗哇花等中旱生植物在封育草地中占优势,铁杆蒿、硬质早熟禾、星毛委菱菜等在退化草地中占优势.除封育措施以外,20～100cm 的土壤含水量对物种分布影响显著.同时,养分作为一个重要的环境因素对物种的分布也具有重要影响,特别是速效钾和NO-3-N.海拔、坡位、坡向等地形因素对植物分布的影响不明显.

The relationship between species distribution pattern and environment factors in grassland of the Yunwu Mountain

Based on data obtained from 57 plots of grassland community and 47 plant species in Yun Wu Mountain grassland, the ordination method CCA is used to analyze the relationship between plant community types, species distribution pattern and environment factors. Enclosing is a dominant factor for affecting species distribution and community type. The enclosed grassland is Stipa bungeana community, dominated by Stipa bungeana, Thymus mongolicus, Stipa grandis, Androsace erecta, and Heteropappus altaicus. In contrast, the unenclosed one is Artemisia sacrorum community, dominated by Artemisia sacrorum, Poa sphondylodes, and Potentilla acaulis. In addition, the soil water of 20-100cm depth has an important influence on species distribution. Nutriention,, especially the soluble-K and NO-3-N, affects the species distribution too. Topographic attributes, such as elevation, slope position, aspect, slope, have no significant impacts on plant distribution.