长江中游城市群生态系统健康时空演变特征分析

城市群地区生态系统健康状况关乎城市群的可持续发展,科学测度城市群地区生态系统健康水平对城市群地区生态系统健康宏观调控政策制定具有重要的实践意义,然而当前生态系统健康评价仍存在不足之处。生态系统服务是反映生态系统健康状况的重要组成部分,如何把生态系统服务纳入生态系统健康评估框架中,成为了当前研究讨论的热点话题。拟把基于InVEST模型评估的生态系统服务纳入生态系统健康评估框架中,构建了基于"生态系统活力-生态系统组织力-生态系统弹性-生态系统服务"的评估框架,结合多源数据对1995—2015年长江中游城市群生态系统健康水平时空特征进行测度。结果显示:(1)研究期间长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康状况总体有所恶化,恶化区域主要分布在城市群的核心地区;(2)研究期间长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康存在显著的空间依赖性,生态系统健康高值区主要分布在周边山区以及中部的罗霄山脉,生态系统健康低值区主要分布在平原地区、大城市周边地区以及主要的交通线路沿线地区。本研究结果可以为其他地区生态系统健康评估以及长江中游城市群地区生态系统健康保护政策制定提供科学借鉴。

Spatiotemporal evolution patterns of ecosystem health in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations

Rapid urbanization in urban agglomerations has resulted in serious degradation of ecosystem functions and deterioration of ecosystem health, which hinders the current process of new-type urbanization and ecological civilization construction in China. Healthy ecosystem in urban agglomerations is closely related to the sustainability of urban agglomerations. The scientific assessment of the ecosystem health status has important practical significance for the formulation of macro-control policies for ecosystem health in the urban agglomerations, but the current studies about the ecosystem health evaluation in urban agglomerations were still insufficient. An increasing number of studies have been carried out on the theories, concepts, spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics, and influencing factors of ecosystem health, but few studies have included the results of ecosystem services assessment based on InVEST model into the theoretical framework of ecosystem health assessment. Ecosystem services assessment is an important part to reflect the health status of the ecosystem. Ecosystem services assessment based on InVEST model can well reflect the structure, function, and ecological process of ecosystem services, and realize the spatial and dynamic quantitative assessment of ecosystem services. How to integrate ecosystem services into the framework of ecosystem health assessment has become a hot topic of the current studies. Based on the ecosystem services evaluated by InVEST model, this study constructed the ecosystem health assessment framework system of "Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Ecosystem Services", and evaluated the ecosystem health level in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations (MRYRUA) with multi-source data. The results showed that:(1) the ecosystem health index in Jianghan Plain, Dongting Lake Plain, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang, and other surrounding counties was mostly below 0.35, while the ecosystem health index of the surrounding mountainous counties was more than 0.65. In addition, the ecosystem health index of units along major traffic routes was lower than that of other regions. The overall ecosystem health status in the MRYRUA deteriorated during the study period, mainly in the core areas of these urban agglomerations. (2) The ecosystem health in the MRYRUA showed significantly spatial dependence during the study period, the high-valued areas of ecosystem health were mainly distributed in the surrounding mountainous areas and the central Luoxiao Mountains, while the low-valued areas of ecosystem health were mainly distributed in the plain areas, the surrounding areas of key cities, and the areas along the main traffic routes. The results of the study can provide scientific support for ecosystem health assessment in other regions and ecosystem health protection policy-making in the MRYRUA.