试论生态分类系统在我国天然林保护与经营中的应用

我国林业的发展正面临前所未有的机遇和挑战,现有资料表明,一方面,我国林业的宏观政策以及森林的采伐更新过程缺乏基本生态学原理的支持;另一方面,仅研究生态学理论还不够,还要研究生态学理论转化为生产力的工具,生产态分类系统是确定、描述和纵制生态系统类型图的方法。应用这种多层次系统的目的是用图的形式是把森景观的生物和环境特征抽象化,综合化、标准化和整体化,以实现生态系统管理的目标。通过纵绘制各种景观特征、林业人员可以根据土地承载力及适应性 确定森林的经营方向和经营措施,生态分类系统在吉林省东部针阔混交林区试验应用。

Ecological classification system for China's natural forests: protection and management

The rapid development of forestry program in China provides us with a great opportunity for revising the management guidelines for China's diminishing forest ecosystems. There are also many challenges that will be faced to accomplish these tasks. By examining the current status of China's forestry, we found that, on one hand, both the macro forest policy and micro forestry practice lack basis of ecological supports; on another, it is not enough for ecologists to solely develop ecological theories. There is a need to develop tools that can merge ecological theories into forestry practice. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The aim of ECS is to provide a format to convey basic information on the biological and physical characteristics of the landscape in a concise, integrated, standard, and thorough manner for the purpose of ecosystem management. By mapping combinations of a landscape's various characteristics, ECS can help foresters to determine forest management methods based on the capabilities and suitabilities of landscapes. The ECS is examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.