江苏省陆地和生态红线区域生态系统服务价值

生态红线是最为关键的生态保护区域边界,是生态安全的底线。以2013年江苏省划定的生态红线区域为研究对象,在土地利用现状分析的基础上,对生态系统服务价值进行了评价。结果显示:江苏省陆域生态红线区域的生态系统服务价值为564.15亿元/a,占全省陆地生态系统服务总价值的48.69%,其中水体的生态系统服务价值最大,占生态红线区域的比例高达78.34%;生态红线区域的土地平均生态系统服务单位面积价值为2.47万元/hm~2,是全省平均的2.18倍,其中湿地最高,生态系统服务单位面积价值达5.55万元/hm~2,是全省平均的4.89倍,其次是水体、林地和草地;在已划定的生态红线区域中,各类生态系统占全省相应土地类型的面积比例排序与生态系统的单位面积价值排序完全一致,显示出生态系统类型的单位面积价值越大,受保护的程度越高。

Ecosystem service values of the entire land area and ecological redlines in Jiangsu Province

Ecological redlines are the most important boundaries in the ecological protection zones, and the baseline of the ecological security of a nation or a region. The delineation of the redlines embodies the policy guidance to implement ecological protection forcibly and strictly. Based on the status quo of land use, we evaluated the ecosystem services of the ecological redlines of Jiangsu Province, which were delineated in 2013. The results showed that: (1) The ecosystem service value of the ecological redlines was 5.64×10¹⁰ RMB/a, accounting for 48.69% of the ecosystem service value of the entire land area of Jiangsu Province. (2) Water was the most important type of land use in Jiangsu Province. The ecosystem services value of water in the ecological redlines accounted for 78.34% of the ecosystem services values of all ecological redlines. (3) The per unit area value of ecosystem services of ecological redlines was 2.47×10⁴ RMB/hm², which was 2.18-fold that of the entire land area. The per unit area value of ecosystem services of wetland was the highest, and it was 4.89-fold that of the entire land area. Water was followed by forestland, and grassland in descending order. (4) In the order of magnitude, the ecosystems that accounted for its area in the entire province were wetlands, waters, forest, and grassland. The results were in accordance with the per unit area value of ecosystem services. This indicates that the greater the per unit area value of ecosystem services, the higher the level of protection achieved.