城市碳代谢过程研究进展

碳代谢过程分析是城市代谢研究的重要环节,而通过土地利用/覆盖的空间调整优化城市碳代谢过程已成为区域可持续发展的关键。利用城市代谢思想,本文综述了城市碳代谢过程核算、碳代谢网络模拟、碳代谢过程与土地利用/覆盖变化关系分析、碳代谢空间格局演替等方面的内容,并指出了当前研究中存在着空间属性表达缺乏、核算/模拟结果较难直接应用于实践调控、自然和社会经济代谢过程难以并重考虑等问题。在此基础上,提出了此领域未来发展预期:(1)基于土地流转,将碳排放/碳吸收垂向流映射到碳存量变化的水平流,以"存量"变化推导出网络"流量"分布,实现节点、流互动关系的空间表达,构建时空维度碳代谢网络模型;(2)强调自然节点在城市碳代谢网络中的重要作用,形成社会经济节点与自然节点并重的生态网络模型,有效服务于城市规划及设计。

A review of urban carbon metabolism

Carbon metabolism is the key process of the urban metabolic system. The optimization of carbon metabolism through land use/cover change and spatial adjustment has been the focus of sustainable development in urban areas. Under the framework of urban metabolism, this paper includes a comprehensive review of carbon metabolic process accounting, ecological network analysis of urban carbon metabolism, the relationship between carbon metabolism and land use/cover change, and the spatial patterns of carbon metabolism. This paper summarizes the insufficiencies of current research, including insufficient spatial analysis of the network of carbon metabolism, limitations to practical application of carbon budget and modeling results, and the disparity between natural and social-economic activities in the same system. Finally, future needs in research are proposed:1) A spatially explicit network model of urban carbon metabolism should be built within the perspective of land use/cover change. The model should investigate network flows, using carbon emission and sequestration accounting results, which could represented the carbon storage of the biosphere. Then, the flows between any two nodes of the network could be deduced by accounting for changes in storage. The spatial expression of the interaction between any two nodes could be explored using the model. 2) The model should also focus on natural activities in the urban metabolic system. The network model should include both natural and socio-economic nodes and should be constructed to support urban planning.