中国1992-2016年农业废弃物管理研究——热点识别、路径演进与前沿探究

采用文献计量学的方法,运用CiteSpace信息可视化软件,首次对中国农业废弃物管理领域的研究热点、演进路径及研究前沿进行了系统梳理与归纳。研究发现,（1）1992年以来,农业废弃物管理领域的文献出版数量总体上呈增长趋势,经历了"平稳发展→快速增长→波动上升→波动下降"4个阶段。（2）中国农业废弃物管理研究的热点主要聚焦于农业废弃物资源化利用、农业废弃物对生态环境的影响、农业废弃物利用与畜牧业发展、农业废弃物资源化生态补偿等4个方面。（3）从演进路径来看,中国农业废弃物管理研究从第一阶段聚焦于畜牧业发展,到第二阶段以"污染防治"和"资源化利用"为核心议题,再到第三阶段细化为"畜禽养殖污染防控"与"能源化利用"两个方向,最后形成以"低碳农业约束下的农业废弃物利用"的跨学科研究。（4）农业废弃物管理前沿研究则表现出两种特征：一是研究重点正从农作物秸秆转为畜禽粪便;二是对于低碳农业约束下的农业废弃物利用（尤其是能源化利用）问题呈现出不断深化探索的趋势。

Focus, evolution, and frontiers of agricultural waste management research in China from 1992 to 2016

The CiteSpace software was employed to systematically summarize the focus, evolution, and frontiers of agricultural waste management research in China. The results implied that (1) the total number of studies published has increased since 1992, which can be divided into a steady development stage, a rapid growth phase, a fluctuating rising stage, and a fluctuating descending phase; (2) the most important areas of research focus were resource utilization, impact on the ecological environment, reuse and livestock husbandry development, and resource ecological-compensation; (3) in terms of the evolution of the research, livestock husbandry development was the main focus in the first stage, while pollution control and resource utilization were the focus in the second stage. Pollution prevention of livestock and poultry and energy utilization were the core areas of attention in the third stage and, finally, interdisciplinary research on the utilization of agricultural waste under the constraints of low carbon agriculture has formed; (4) Two typical features of the research frontiers of agricultural waste management were a shift in research focus from crop straw to livestock manure and research on agricultural-waste utilization (especially energy utilization) under the constraints of low carbon agriculture.