西南岩溶槽谷区隧道建设的水文生态环境效应研究进展

西南岩溶槽谷区隧道分布密集,隧道突水引发了一系列的生态环境问题。梳理了隧道建设产生的生态环境效应现状,包括:改变水资源分布格局及水文过程,诱发地质灾害,降低土地质量和引起土壤污染,影响植被生长与分布等。在隧道影响水文和水资源方面已有丰富的研究成果,而在对土壤和植被的影响研究方面缺乏统一认识。指出了未来研究的总体趋势和方向:隧道影响水资源分布格局与水文过程的水文地质模式,降水、地表水、土壤水、地下水及隧道水的转换过程与地下水流场演化机制,岩溶隧道区植被生理过程与多样性变化等。

Review on the hydrology and the ecological and environmental effects of tunnel construction in the karst valley of Southwest China

Tunnels are densely distributed in the karst valley area of Southwest China, and tunnel water inrush has caused a series of ecological and environmental problems. This paper reviews the current status of the ecological and environmental effects caused by tunnel construction, including changes in the distribution patterns and hydrological processes of water resources that may induce geological disasters, reduce land quality, increase soil pollution, and affect vegetation growth and distribution. There are multiple studies on the impact of tunnels on hydrology and water resources, but there is no unified understanding regarding the impact of tunnels on soil and vegetation. The general trends and direction of future research are as follows:a hydrogeological model of water resource distribution patterns and the hydrological processes affected by tunnels; the transformation processes of precipitation, surface water, soil water, groundwater, and tunnel water; the evolution mechanism of the groundwater field; physiological processes and diversity changes in the vegetation of the karst valley area.