中国大陆省际生态-经济效率的时空格局及其驱动因素

在参考和借鉴有关生态系统服务价值理论研究成果的基础上,提出生态-经济产出效率概念及其内涵、表征方法,结合有关统计数据计算了2001—2013年中国大陆31省区生态-经济产出效率并就其时空分布及重心移动方向、移动距离等进行分析,在此基础上应用探索性空间数据分析方法及偏最小二乘回归模型对其空间集聚特征和驱动因素进行实证分析。研究结果表明:考察时段内中国大陆省际生态-经济产出效率自西向东依次提高的三级梯度分布格局趋于形成;省区之间生态-经济产出效率具有全局空间依赖性和空间正相关特征,显著高-高集聚和显著低-高集聚表现相对稳定、高-低集聚区的生态效率溢出效应促使显著低-低集聚区逐步消失;人均国民生产总值、单位面积内的道路交通里程数、科研资金投入占GDP的比重等三因素显著驱动了中国大陆省际生态-经济产出效率溢出,但东、中、西部地区的制约因素不尽相同。

Analysis on spatial and temporal pattern and the driving forces of ecological- economic efficiency for provinces on Chinese mainland

Referring to the research findings of ecosystem service value, a new concept "ecological-economic output" was proposed and defined in this paper the connotation and characterization method of this concept was also given. With the statistical data, ecological- economic output efficiency of 31 provinces of Chinese mainland during 2001-2013 was calculated. The spatial-temporal distribution, gravity center transferring direction and distance were also analyzed. On this base, the spatial agglomeration trait and the driving forces were discussed through spatial data analysis method and partial least squares regression model. The results showed that in Chinese mainland, during the research period, ecological-economic output efficiency at province level showed three-level graded distribution, characterized by increasing from the west to the east. Ecological- economic output efficiency had the trait of overall spatial dependence and spatial positive correlation. Remarkable high-high agglomeration and low-high agglomeration in some regions were stable, and ecological overflow effect of high-low agglomeration made low-low agglomeration vanished eventually. GDP per capita, road lengths per unit area and proportion of scientific research funding from GDP drove the improvement of ecological- economic output efficiency of Chinese mainland. However, the restricting elements were varied from place to place.