面向实践的生态用地内涵、多维度分类体系

生态用地是保障我国国土生态安全格局、建设生态文明基础,是土地资源研究领域的热点问题。其内涵与分类界定是深化生态用地研究与实践的前提,也是该研究领域的难点。根据国内外现有研究,挖掘生态用地的内涵与分类特征。基于此,重新阐释了生态用地的内涵,提出功能主导性、尺度依赖性、区域特殊性、等级性和可操作性等五大分类原则,构建了面向管理实践的多维度生态用地分类体系,即基础性生态用地、保全性生态用地、生产性生态用地和生活性生态用地4大类、10个一级类和15个二级类。同时在分类体系中明确了各生态用地地类的适用尺度与范围。多维度生态用地分类体系的构建,将有利于国家和地方制定生态用地管理政策,便于深入生态用地及其生态系统服务研究。

Management-oriented ecological land's conception and multi-dimensional classification system in China

Establishment of ecological land guarantees national land ecological security pattern and creating an ecological civilization. Therefore, the concept of ecological land is a hot topic in the field of land resource research. Standardizing the definition of the concept and classification for ecological land is the premise of deepening its study and practice, which is a current challenge in this research field. This study provides an overview of ecological land research to identify the characteristics of its conception and classification. Further, based on function-oriented, scale-dependent, region-specific, hierarchical, and practical principles, we illustrate and construct a concept and multi-dimensional classification system for management-oriented ecological land, which includes four main types:fundamental ecological land, auxiliary ecological land, productive ecological land, and recreational ecological land. These types are then further broken down into ten first classes and fifteen second classes, and are discussed in terms of their scale- and region-specific properties. This classification system will be significant for national and local policy decision making and should facilitate further study of ecological land and ecosystem services, as well as promote the establishment of an ecological civilization.