褛裳夜蛾的交配行为及雄蛾对性腺提取物的反应节律

详细观察了褛裳夜蛾成虫的交配行为,利用风洞、触角电位技术研究了雄蛾对性腺提取物的反应节律,通过林间诱蛾试验进行了验证,旨在为褛裳夜蛾性信息素的精确提取及性信息素组份分离、鉴定提供依据。研究结果表明:成虫的求偶、交配行为均发生在暗期,有一定的节律性:雌蛾在羽化3d以后开始求偶,1周左右表现最为强烈,3-4日龄雌蛾在暗期4-6h开始求偶,最大求偶率在暗期6-8h;5-9日龄在进入暗期就开始求偶,最大求偶率出现在暗期4-6h。风洞试验表明,3-7日龄的雄蛾对性腺提取物均有明显的性行为反应,5日龄雄蛾在暗期4-6h对性腺提取物的反应最为强烈。3-6日龄的成虫在暗期4-6h开始交配,而7-8日龄的成虫于暗期2-4h开始交配,6日龄的成虫交配率最高,交配高峰在暗期4-8h。雄蛾对性腺提取物的触角电位反应也有一定的节律性:雄蛾对4日龄雌蛾性腺提取物开始有电生理反应,对6-7日龄暗期5h性腺提取物反应最为强烈。林间诱蛾试验测定了性腺提取物的引诱活性,7日龄雌蛾性腺提取物林间诱蛾量最高,引诱高峰在暗期4-6h,该结果也验证了褛裳夜蛾雄蛾对性腺提取物的反应节律。

Mating behavior and dynamic rhythm of male response to crude extracts of sex pheromones from females Catocala remissa staudinger

In China, Populus euphratica forests are not only important for maintaining the ecological balance in Ejina but are also a major tourist attraction. Catocala remissa Staudinger (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) is a defoliator of P. euphratica. In recent years, this insect has been one of the most serious forestry pests in Ejina, Inner Mongolia, China. Currently, chemical insecticides are the only means of control. However, this approach has led to the development of pesticide resistance, which has severe negative impacts on human health and the environment. In order to develop an efficient and pollution-free method of control, we have initiated a series of studies on pest sex pheromones. It is essential to know the mating behavior characteristics and responses of the male to female sex gland extracts. It will provide a basis for extraction, separation, and identification of the sex pheromone. However, studies on sex pheromone-related behavior in C. remissa are yet to be conducted. This study investigates the calling and mating behavior of moths in insect rearing cages under natural conditions in the woods. The responses of the male to female sex gland extracts were studied using an electroantennogram (EAG),wind tunnels, and field tests. Crude extracts of the sex pheromone were prepared by direct extraction of the pheromone from female sexual glands using hexane. The courtship behavior was observed in the dark period and was rhythmic. The females called three days after emergence, and the calling peaked one week later. The calling peak varied with the age of the female and the scotophase time. Females aged 3-4 days called on the 4-6h into the scotophase, with a peak at 6-8 h. Females aged 5-7 days called at the beginning of the scotophase, with a peak at 4-6 h. Responses of males aged 1-10 days to the pheromone extract were monitored using a wind tunnel. Males, aged 3-7 days, showed a significant response to the sex gland extracts. Peak activity was observed in 5-day-old males and at 4-6 h into the scotophase. The mating ability of the moths was examined. Moths aged 3-4 days and 7-8 days exhibited mating behavior 4-6 h and 2-4 h into the scotophase, respectively. Peak mating behavior was observed in 6-day-old and moths 4-8 h into the scotophase. Responses of the male to female sex gland extracts varied with the age of the female and time into the scotophase and were rhythmic. A response was observed to 4-day-old female sex gland extracts, and the response was the highest to extracts of 7-day-old females; this response was significantly higher than those of other aged females (P < 0. 05). The response increased with an increase in the scotophase time, peaking at 5 h into the scotophase. After peaking, the response of the male to female sex gland extracts decreased. Extracts were prepared from females aged 1-10 day to determine the attraction in field trapping tests. The results showed that males were attracted to female sex gland extracts, with a peak at 4-6 h in 7-day-old females. The field trapping test results confirmed that the mating behavior and responses to female sex gland extracts were rhythmic. Therefore, this study enhances our understanding of the chemical communication during the reproductive process and the importance of pheromones in detecting and monitoring this pest in fields.