陕北安塞县生态与经济系统耦合协调发展

协调生态环境与社会经济的均衡发展,是实现县域可持续发展的重要因素。以延安市安塞县为对象,基于社会经济与生态环境的数据,构建安塞县社会经济系统与生态环境系统的指标体系,利用熵权法计算社会-经济-环境综合评价指数,在此基础上利用耦合协调度模型、剪刀差方法和耦合度模型分析了社会经济系统与生态环境系统的耦合协调状态、发展速度差异以及耦合度演变趋势。结果表明:1996—2013年间,安塞县社会经济系统综合评价指数稳定上升,自然生态系统综合水平呈现波动下降趋势,前者发展速度总体上快于后者;耦合协调度指数由0.33增长至0.59,反映了该区域社会经济与生态环境的关系不断改善,较好地实现了二者的协调;剪刀差在0. 032水平范围内波动上升,说明二者发展趋势之间的差异逐渐增大;安塞县社会经济与生态环境的耦合度分布于45°β90°范围内,二者处于协调发展阶段,耦合度β表现为先下降后上升,说明经济与环境之间的矛盾开始显露。研究表明,安塞县应着力加强生态建设的固基和推进作用,缓解社会经济和生态环境的矛盾,实现二者的协调发展。

Research on the coordinated development of ecological and economic systems in Ansai County, Northern Shaanxi Province

Coordinated development between the ecological environment and socioeconomy is of great importance for local sustainable development. The present study investigated the coupling between socioeconomy and ecological environments using the coupling coordination degree model, scissors difference, and coupling degree model based on the economic and ecological data from Ansai County, Northern Shaanxi Province. A comprehensive assessment index of the socioeconomic environment was also established by the entropy method. Results showed that the comprehensive assessment index of socioeconomic systems increased from 1996 to 2013, and that of ecosystem decreased with fluctuation. This result indicates that eco-environmental development lagged behind the socioeconomic development. The degree of coupling coordination increased from 0.33 to 0.59, reflecting an improvement in the relationship between the socioeconomy and the ecological environment in the region, and a favorable coordination between them. The scissors difference fluctuated within the range of 0.032, indicating an increased difference in the development of socioeconomy and ecology. Coupling between the socioeconomic and ecological development in Ansai ranged from 45° to 90° and the beta-coupling rose initially and declined thereafter this result suggests a contradiction between the economy and environment. Our results indicate that efforts should be made to strengthen the promoting effect of ecological construction, alleviate the contradiction between the social economy and ecological environment, and realize the coordinated development of the socioeconomic system and ecological systems.