国内外产业共生网络研究比较述评

产业共生网络是指基于物质及能量交换以及知识及基础设施共享而形成的在不同产业主体之间的合作共赢网络,是产业转型升级的重要保障。作为产业共生的运作方式,产业共生网络的研究国外从20世纪90年代开始从概念到实例就展开了一系列探讨,国内自2002年也开始在网络结构等方面开展相关研究。尤其在2008年以后,产业共生网络的研究方向不断拓宽,研究成果丰富多样。为明晰国内外产业共生网络研究的发展态势,促进产业共生网络理论体系的发展并使其得到有效应用。本文从共生网络内涵、结构、功能及评价、演化、管理调控等方面比较分析了国内外产业共生网络的研究进展,并对产业共生网络的发展前景做了展望。未来产业共生网络研究在不同尺度的比较及推演、数据信息平台的搭建以及产业共生网络演化模拟及管理调控的耦合等方面需重点关注。

A review of the industrial symbiosis network

Although traditional industrial development has created great wealth for human beings, it has caused serious eco-environmental problems, which have challenged global eco-security, resulting in regional eco-service crises and threatening human health. It is fundamental to develop a sustainable industrial developmental model to reverse this dangerous trend. An industrial symbiosis-based model was developed in 1989 to enhance industry ecosystems, which provided new ideas to solve the problem. The industrial symbiosis network is a cooperative network between different companies based on the exchange of material, energy, knowledge, fundamental infrastructure, and services that benefits all parts of the network; and this system has been considered since the 1990s. As it necessary to maintain the efficacy of industrial symbiosis, research has been carried out globally from theory to practice on the industrial symbiosis network since 1989. Moreover, research has been conducted in China to study network structure since 2002. From 2008, extensive research has focused on different areas of the industrial symbiosis network, to summarize existing research, clarify future directions, and facilitate application. The present article reviews the literature related to the industrial symbiosis network from five different areas:definition, structure, function and assessment, evolution, and management. This article concludes that global research has focused on the industrial symbiosis network theory, evolution, and assessment, and the factors affecting it. However, Chinese research has focused on the structure and attributes of industrial symbiosis. In addition, some global research has focused on the social factors that influence the evolution of the industrial symbiosis network, which was neglected before 2009. Moreover, local research has focused on industrial symbiosis on an urban scale. Furthermore, there are three topics that should be highlighted in future research:First, it is important to understand different scales of the industrial symbiosis network, as urban and regional-scale network research is limited. In addition, multiple factors that influence the evolution of the industrial symbiosis network should be discussed. Furthermore, Chinese research should focus on social factors. Second, it is fundamental to quantitatively clarify the industrial symbiosis network, which depends on sufficient support from relevant data. Therefore, a digital information platform should be developed to satisfy the requirement of the large amounts of accurate data required for such research. Third, different scientific models should be developed to study the evolution of the industrial symbiosis network for its effective management. Therefore, industrial symbiosis has been become a potential method to promote the green development of various industries, and to ensure economic development and effective environmental protection.