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松嫩草原区不同农业生态系统土壤动物群落特征
引用本文:殷秀琴,王海霞,周道玮.松嫩草原区不同农业生态系统土壤动物群落特征[J].生态学报,2003,23(6):1071-1078.
作者姓名:殷秀琴  王海霞  周道玮
作者单位:1. 东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,长春,130024
2. 东北师范大学国家草地生态工程实验室,长春,130024
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 ( G2 0 0 0 0 1 860 2 ),国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 40 1 71 0 5 3 )~~
摘    要:对温带松嫩草原区不同农业生态系统土壤动物群落特征进行了研究。结果表明 ,不同农业生态系统中 ,类群数为草地 >杨树林 >玉米田 ,个体数为草地 >玉米田 >杨树林。土壤动物的垂直分布存在一定差异性。玉米田土壤动物向下层聚集 ,草地具明显的表聚性 ,杨树林随着土层深度的变化较均匀。土壤动物群落的季节变化不同 ,玉米田秋季作物收割后 ,土壤动物类群明显减少 ,而杨树林秋季有增多趋势。草地土壤动物的季节变化代表了松嫩草原区土壤动物群落分布的特征。土壤动物群落的多样性为草地 >杨树林 >玉米田。分析了土壤动物与地温、土壤自然含水量、p H及土壤养分的相关性。

关 键 词:土壤动物  空间分布  多样性  农业生态系统  松嫩草原
文章编号:1000-0933(2003)06-1071-08
收稿时间:2002/8/13 0:00:00
修稿时间:2003/2/18 0:00:00

Characteristics of soil animals' communities in different agricultural ecosystem in the Songnen Grassland of China
YIN Xiuqin,WANG Haixia and ZHOU Daowei.Characteristics of soil animals'' communities in different agricultural ecosystem in the Songnen Grassland of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2003,23(6):1071-1078.
Authors:YIN Xiuqin  WANG Haixia and ZHOU Daowei
Abstract:Characteristics of soil animals' communities in different agricultural ecosystems were studied in temperate Songnen Grassland Region with the purpose to provide scientific gist for the restoration and recreation of grasslands and other ecosystems in the agro husbandry eco tone, and establishing the optical ecological productive pattern. The results show that groups and individuals of soil animals from cornfield, grassland and poplar woods are great different according to notability test. The differences of the groups and individuals of rare groups among the three agricultural ecosystems are great. These rare groups,therefore can indicate special environment, and then they can be called indication groups. The group number of soil animals in grassland > that in poplar woods >that in cornfield, and individual number in grassland > in cornfield >in poplar woods. Because of the best habitat, Grassland has the most group number and individual number. 18 mutual groups, as majority of the soil animals, were commonly found from the three agricultural ecosystems. There are some special groups from particular habitat who can indicate the influence of land utilization on the composition of soil animals. Generally, there are similar vertical distribution of the group and individual number of soil animals in thethree habitats. The number of group and individual of soil animals decrease with the increasing of the depth of soil layer. But it is not the entirely same. In cornfield, soil animals concentrate on lower soil layer. In grassland, they obviously gather on surface. In poplar woods they distribute more evenly. These differences indicate that the vertical distribution of soil animals in soil layers is different because of different forms of land utilization and different degree of artificial and natural disturbance. In different agricultural ecosystem, there are some differences in the seasonal changes in soil animals' communities. Because of lack of food after the crop harvest, the group number of soil animals decreases obviously in autumn in cornfield. While the number of soil animals in poplar woods tends to increase in autumn because increasing litters result in abundant food. The seasonal changes of soil animals in grassland have the typical distribution characteristics of soil fauna in Songnen Grassland. The community diversity of soil animals in grassland> that in poplar woods> that in cornfield. The correlation between ground temperature and the group number of soil animals, while the correlation between soil environment factors including water content, pH value, nutrient content and the individual number of soil animals is obvious.
Keywords:soil animals  spatial distribution  diversity  agricultural ecosystem  Songnen Grassland
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