禾本科植物内生真菌资源及其物种多样性

植物内生真菌是当代微生物资源研究的一个热门话题,对禾本科植物内生真菌资源研究进行了总结。与冷季型禾本科植物共生的麦角菌科epichlo内生真菌是目前的研究重点,包括偶尔在宿主植物体表形成子座的Epichlo属真菌和几乎完全不形成症状的Neotyphodium属真菌。具体介绍该真菌类群的物种多样性及其地理分布多样性,概括了它们在全球各大区域的分布特征。对近年来中国迅速发展的epichlo内生真菌的研究作了总结,最后展望了国际国内epichlo内生真菌资源探索的发展方向。特别指出:冷季型禾本科植物内生真菌在南美洲和亚洲,暖季型禾本科植物内生真菌在热带亚热带地区的研究还相对薄弱,值得今后继续加强探索和挖掘。

Endophytic fungi resources and species diversity in grass family

Plant endophytes are gaining more and more attention around the world. This article summarized the studies on endophytic fungi inhabited in various grasses grown in the world, especially focused on clavicipitaceous endophytes inhabited in cool-season grasses. Symptomatic Epichloë spp., occasionally produce stromata on the culm of the host, and asymptomatic Neotyphodium spp., usually never produce any symptoms, were regarded as epichloë endophytes. Fungal species in epichloë endophytes and their geographic distributions all over the world were discussed. Furthermore, recent achievements in investigations on grass endophytes native to China were summarized and prospects on grass endophyte survey in the world were also discussed. Finally, based on these information, a potential of new endophytes harbored within warm-season grasses grown in most areas of the world and cool-season grasses grown in South America and Asia was predicted. In conclusion, bioresources of grass endophytes and their biodiversity should be abundant worldwide, and grass endophytes are worth full for collecting attentions in biological sciences.