城市土地利用的生态服务功效评价方法——以常州市为例

生态服务功能的产出是生态服务功效,分为正功效和负功效.快速城市化进程严重影响了土地的生态服务功能,导致城市人居生态环境的日益恶化,自然生态系统服务负功效逐渐增加.常州是我国东部沿海快速城市化的典型代表,城市化占用生态用地由此产生了一系列生态环境问题.在GIS和RS技术的支持下,采用网格分析法和复合生态评价的方法,建立了复合生态服务功效的空间评价指标体系,从正负生态功效两方面评价了当前土地利用的复合生态功效.结果表明当前常州市的土地复合生态服务功效64.5％为正功效,35.5％的土地生态服务为负功效.按照当前的城市发展思路,新的土地利用规划将进一步导致自然生态服务正功效的衰退.该研究为城市土地利用规划管理提供了科学思路与决策依据.

Eco-service efficiency assessment method of urban land use: a case study of Changzhou City, China

The output of natural eco-service function is eco-service efficiency; it can be divided into positive and negative eco-services. Rapid urbanization occupies amounts of non-construction areas that are important for maintaining local favorable environment; this process affects the natural eco-service functions, and results in deterioration of city's eco-environment, in other words, the negative eco-service efficiency increases. As a typical rapidly urbanization city at the eastern of China, Changzhou's urbanization occupied lots of lands for eco-services, it caused many environmental problems. Under the support of GIS and RS technology, this paper used methods of grid analysis and complex ecological assessment, and established the spatial indexes system for complex eco-services efficiency assessment from both positive and negative eco-services of the current land use. The results show that there is about 64.5 percent land's complex eco-service is positive, and 35.5 percent land's complex eco-service is negative. According to the city's current land use planning trend, it would result in more lands changing from positive eco-services into negative efficiency. The results provide a scientific reference for decision-making of local land use planning and management for urban future development.