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黄土高原不同侵蚀类型区生物结皮中蓝藻的多样性
引用本文:杨丽娜,赵允格,明姣,王爱国.黄土高原不同侵蚀类型区生物结皮中蓝藻的多样性[J].生态学报,2013,33(14):4416-4424.
作者姓名:杨丽娜  赵允格  明姣  王爱国
作者单位:1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100;西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100
2. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100;西北农林科技大学林学院,杨凌712100
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40971174,41271298);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划项目
摘    要:蓝藻是生物土壤结皮的重要组成部分,具有许多重要的生态功能.迄今为止,黄土高原地区生物结皮中藻类的种类组成及分布鲜有报道.通过野外调查、采样和室内观察、培养、鉴定,对黄土高原水蚀区、水蚀风蚀交错区、风蚀区的生物结皮中蓝藻的多样性及优势种进行了研究.结果表明,黄土高原3个侵蚀类型区生物结皮中蓝藻门植物共发现4科10属54种,其中丝状种类约占87%,占绝对优势;Shannon-Weiner多样性指数水蚀风蚀交错区最高,水蚀区次之,风蚀区最低,依次为2.22,2.20和2.14.水蚀风蚀交错区和水蚀区蓝藻多样性指数差异不显著,但均与风蚀区差异显著.3个侵蚀类型区的生物结皮中蓝藻的种类组成及优势种均有所差异,但均以颤藻科(Oscillatoriaceae)为优势科.水蚀风蚀交错区蓝藻种类最多(39种),以阿氏鞘丝藻(Lyngbya allorgei)为第一优势种;水蚀区次之(26种),以含钙席藻(Phormidum calciola)为第一优势种;风蚀区最少(20种),以颗粒颤藻(Oscillatoria granulata)为第一优势种.黄土高原不同侵蚀类型区生物结皮中蓝藻的多样性差异可能与土壤质地、土壤pH值、气候环境等有关.

关 键 词:生物结皮  蓝藻多样性  侵蚀类型区  黄土高原
收稿时间:2012/4/12 0:00:00
修稿时间:2012/9/18 0:00:00

Cyanobacteria diversity in biological soil crusts from different erosion regions on the Loess Plateau: a preliminary result
YANG Lin,ZHAO Yunge,MING Jiao and WANG Aiguo.Cyanobacteria diversity in biological soil crusts from different erosion regions on the Loess Plateau: a preliminary result[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(14):4416-4424.
Authors:YANG Lin  ZHAO Yunge  MING Jiao and WANG Aiguo
Institution:State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of water resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China,State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of water resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China,State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of water resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;College of Forest, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Abstract:Cyanobacteria were the major components in biological soil crusts (biocrusts). So far, studies on species composition and distribution of cyanobacteria in the biocrusts in the Loess Plateau region were fresh. Biocrusts from the revegetated grasslands in different erosion regions (wind erosion, water erosion, and the wind-water crisscross regions) of the Loess Plateau region were collected, cultured, observed and identified. Results showed that cyanobacteria were the dominant component of the biocrusts. We found 54 species belonging to 10 genera and 4 families, with filamentous cyanobacteria dominant. The Shannon-Wiener index was used to evaluate diversity of the regions. No significant difference was found between the species diversity of water-wind erosion crisscross region and water erosion regions, while diversity in the wind erosion region was significantly lower than the water erosion region or the wind-water crisscross erosion region. Species composition and dominant species of the three erosion regions were different. Oscillatoriaceae was the dominant family from all the three regions. Cyanobacteria species diversity was greatest (39) in the water-wind erosion crisscross region, followed by the water erosion region (26) and the wind erosion region (20). However, the dominant species were different in the three erosion regions. The dominant cyanobacteria species in water-wind erosion crisscross region, water erosion and wind erosion region were Lyngbya allorgei, Phormidium calciola and Oscillatoria granulate, respectively. Differences in cyanobacteria composition in the three different erosion regions were likely associated with differences in soil texture, soil pH and climatic regimes.
Keywords:biological soil crusts  diversity of cyanobacteria  different erosion regions  the Loess Plateau region
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