迁飞过程中昆虫的行为:对风温场的适应与选择

本文综述了昆虫在迁飞过程中对大气物理环境的各种行为反应，有边界层气象的理论重新审视迁飞种群的时空分布，提出了“边界层顶现象”的概念。即边界层顶的低空逆温和低空急流为迁飞种群提供了最适宜的风温场，迁飞种群在边界层顶集聚成层，并通过定向理一步修饰其位移方位，表现出对风温场的主动选择能力和对大气结构和运动的高度复杂的适应性反应。进一步深化对“边界层顶现象”的认识，对迁飞性害虫的异地预测具有重要的理论意义

BEHAVIOUR OF MIGRATING INSECTS:ADAPTATION AND SELECTION TO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT

Based on boundary layer meteorology , the tempora-l and spatial distribution and the behaviour of migrating insects were reviewed, and a concept of 'PBL-top phenomena' was pre sented. The surface inversion .subsidence inversion and low level jet near the top of PBL pro vide an optimum wind and temperature field lor the airborne populations, where there are maximum wind speed and temperature. The insects actively take oif,climb ,and then layering in the top of'PBL. They also orient to a special azimuth to modify their tracks. These behaviour detected by radar suggest that the insects may possess an ability to make the best use of the kinetic energy of the atmosphere to seek and find their new habitats. Therefore,they seem to be able to let themselves get into the wind and temperature fields they really want to, and choose the cruising altitudes in relation 10 where they are going. This is a highly evolved adaptive strategy in their life history, Better understanding of the 'PBL-top phe-nomcna'is needed tor the forecasting of migratory insect pests.