基于土地利用/覆被变化的伊河流域生态系统服务供需风险时空演变

生态系统服务的供需矛盾造成土地利用方式不合理，引发各种生态环境问题，制约和影响流域可持续发展和居民福祉提升，加强生态系统服务供需关系的研究具有重大意义。以具有“山地—丘陵—平原”景观的河南省伊河流域为研究区，首先利用基于土地利用的生态系统服务矩阵对生态系统服务的供给与需求进行制图，分析生态系统服务供需的时空变化；其次，结合供给动态趋势、需求动态趋势、供需比及供需比趋势比4个指标对伊河流域生态系统服务供需风险时空演变特征分析。结果表明：(1)1980—2018年伊河流域生态系统服务需求水平持续增加，供给水平持续降低，上游调节服务供给水平较强，中下游的供给服务提供水平较高，下游生态系统服务需求远大于上游。(2)栅格尺度下，1980—2018年流域生态系统服务供需高、低风险区占比分别为3.57%、96.43%,2000—2018年高风险等级面积较1980—2000年有所增加。(3)1980—2018年伊河流域7.69%的子流域高风险等级面积大于10%,7号和26号子流域风险等级相对本流域而言处于较高风险程度，2000—2018年的子流域这一比例达15.38%,且都分布于下游，整体上看，近20...

Spatio-temporal evolution of the supply and demand risk of ecosystem services in the Yihe River Basin based on LUCC

The contradiction between supply and demand of ecosystem services leads to the unreasonable land use mode, causing variously ecological and environmental problems, which restricts and affects the sustainable development of the river basin and the improvement of residents'' welfare. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the research on the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services. Yihe River Basin with the landscape of mountain-hill-plain in Henan Province is taken as the research area. Firstly, the supply and demand of ecosystem services were mapped by using the ecosystem service matrix based on land use, and the temporal and spatial changes of the supply and demand of ecosystem services were analyzed. Secondly, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of supply and demand risks of ecosystem services in Yihe River Basin were analyzed in combining with four indicators, namely, the dynamic trend of supply, the dynamic trend of demand, the ratio of supply-demand, and the dynamic trend of the ratio of supply-demand. The results showed that:(1) From 1980 to 2018, the demand level of ecosystem services in the Yihe River Basin continued to increase, while the supply level continued to decrease. The supply level of regulating services in the upper reaches was relatively strong, and the supply level of provisioning services in the middle and lower reaches was relatively higher. The demand of ecosystem services in the lower reaches was much higher than that in the upper reaches. (2) On the grid scale, the proportion of high and low risk areas in the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the basin from 1980 to 2018 is 3.57% and 96.43%. Respectively, from 1980 to 2018, and the area of high risk level increased from 2000 to 2018 compared with 1980 to 2000. (3) From 1980 to 2018, 7.69% of the sub-basins of the Yihe River Basin had a high-risk grade area greater than 10%. The risk grade of the No. 7 and No. 26 sub-basins were at a higher risk degree compared with the same basin. The proportion of the sub-basins from 2000 to 2018 was 15.38%, and all of them were distributed in the downstream. On the whole, the risk of ecosystem services faced by each sub-basin increased slightly in the past 20 years. The evaluation matrix of supply and demand of ecosystem services combined with expert knowledge can quickly evaluate the risk status of supply and demand of ecosystem services and provide scientific support for the management of ecosystem services in the river basin.