马占相思 (Acacia mangium)与湿地松 (Pinus elliotii)人工林枯落物层的水文生态功能

分析了马占相思与湿地松人工林枯落物的蓄积量、年凋落量及凋落动态、枯落物层对大气降水的截留、以及枯落物抑制土壤水分蒸发和阻滞径流的效应.结果表明①15龄的马占相思林枯落物蓄积量32.3t/hm2,年凋落量11.14t/hm2,最大持水率253.7%,最大持水量28.26t/hm2;15龄的湿地松林枯落物蓄积量18.7t/hm2,年凋落量7.30t/hm2,最大持水率216.7%,最大持水量15.82hm2;②2种林分对大气降水的截留率分别为15.9%和11.7%,截留率随1次降水降水量(>10mm)的增加而减少;③2～4cm枯落物覆盖下不同含水量的土壤水分蒸发比无覆盖的土壤减少18.2%～78.3%,枯落物层减少土壤水分蒸发的效应随枯落物层厚度和土壤含水量的增大而增加;④2种枯落物对径流流出时间的阻滞效应随径流深(<3mm)和坡度的增加而减小,随枯落物层厚度的增加呈直线增加.通过与部分其它森林类型枯落物层水文生态功能比较,认为马占相思与湿地松林枯落物层具有较为优越的水文生态功能.

Ecohydrological functions of litter in man-made Acacia Mangium and Pinus elliotii plantations

The ecohydrological functions of litter were studied,which include litter storage,annual litterfall and dynamics,water holding capacity,interception effect on rainfall,restraining effect on soil water evaporation,and retarding effect on runoff.The results are suggested as follows. litter storage in Acacia magium and Pinus elliotii plantations are 32 3t/hm 2 and 18 7t/hm 2.Annual litterfall are 11 14t/hm 2 and 7 30t/hm 2,The maximum water holding rates are 253 7% and 216 7%,and ...