土壤线虫对气候变化的响应研究进展

全球变化对陆地生态系统功能具有重要而深远的影响。陆地生态系统地下部分具有重要的生态功能,其组成及结构对气候变化的响应将进一步减缓或加剧全球化进程。土壤线虫在各类生态系统中分布十分广泛,是地下食物网的重要组分,在维持土壤生物多样性及营养物质循环过程中发挥重要作用,其组成及结构对不同气候变化驱动因子的响应机制与模式不尽相同。增温及降水格局变化主要是通过改变线虫生境而直接影响其种群密度与结构,两者通常表现为正效应且作用效果随处理时间的延长而增强。CO2与大气氮沉降主要是通过影响地上植被,凋落物质量,土壤理化性质等间接过程影响土壤线虫。同时,不同的全球变化因子之间存在着复杂的交互作用,深入理解这些因子之间交互作用对线虫群落的影响模式与机制对于探讨未来气候变化情景下生态统生物多样性及养分循环过程具有重要的理论指导意义。

Response of soil nematodes to climate change:a review

Global climate change constitutes an important influence on terrestrial ecosystem functions. Soil nematodes exist widely in diverse ecological systems. As an important component of the soil food web, the soil nematode is crucial in maintaining biodiversity and regulating soil nutrient cycling. The various factors driving global change affect the soil nematode community via diverse mechanisms. Changes in temperature and precipitation directly affect soil nematode populations by changing the habitat. In addition, the positive effects would increase with time. CO₂ enrichment and atmospheric nitrogen deposition can indirectly affect soil nematode communities via changes in vegetation, litter quality, and soil physiochemical properties (e.g. soil moisture, pH, ammonium concentration). At the same time, a better understanding of the complex interactions among the drivers of global change, and of how these interactions influence soil nematode communities, is required to predict how terrestrial ecosystems will respond to future climate changes.