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北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性研究 Ⅵ.几种类型植物群落物种数目的估计
引用本文:刘灿然,马克平,于顺利,王巍.北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性研究 Ⅵ.几种类型植物群落物种数目的估计[J].生态学报,1998,18(2):138-150.
作者姓名:刘灿然  马克平  于顺利  王巍
作者单位:中国科学院植物研究所,北京,10093
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,国家基础重大项目
摘    要:采用经验贝叶斯方法、非参数方法(刀切法和自助法)和种-面积曲线外推方法对北京东灵山地区5种类型植物群落的物种数目进行了估计,考察了这些方法的估计行为,从中得出如下结论:(1)只要抽样强度不是很小,经验贝叶斯方法就能给出群落物种数目很好的估计,但与非参数方法相比,其估计的标准差较大;(2)在适当的抽样强度下,非参数方法也能给出群落物种数目很好的估计。如果抽样强度过低,则估计值也偏低;相反,如果抽样强度过高,则估计值也偏高。但在各种抽样强度下,非参数方法估计的标准差都比经验贝叶斯方法的小;(3)种-面积曲线2、3、4、5、6可以给出群落物种数目较好的估计,曲线1的估计值偏高,而曲线7、8、9、10的估计值则偏低;(4)经过几种方法的综合比较,可以对群落1、2、3、4、5的各层及整个群落的物种数目分别做出如下估计;乔木层16、19、21、12、16,灌木层13、15、21、14、21,草本层49、46、54、82、55,整个群落79、80、96、107、92。

关 键 词:植物群落,物种数目,估计,经验贝叶斯方法,刀切法,自助法,种-面积曲线,外推法
收稿时间:1997/2/15 0:00:00
修稿时间:1997/8/15 0:00:00

PLANT COMMUNITY DIVERSITY IN DONGLINGSHAN MOUNTAIN,BEIJING,CHINA
LIU Canran,MA Keping,YU Shunli and WANG Wei.PLANT COMMUNITY DIVERSITY IN DONGLINGSHAN MOUNTAIN,BEIJING,CHINA[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,1998,18(2):138-150.
Authors:LIU Canran  MA Keping  YU Shunli and WANG Wei
Institution:Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing; China
Abstract:Empirical Bayes method(EBM),nonparametric methods (NPMs) (with include jack knife and bootstrap methods) and extrapolation of species area curves were used to estimate the number of species ( NS )in each of the five types of plant communities in Dongling Mountain,Beijing,China,and their performances were also examined.The following are the results.(1)as sampling intensity ( Sl ) was not very low,good point estimates be obtained with EBM,but the estimated standard deviations were greater than those with NPMs;(2) NPMs would also give good point estimates under adequate Sl .as Sl was too low,the estimated NS be low.On the contrary,as Sl was too high.the estimated NS wold be high.Under all of the Sls,the estimated standard deviations with NPMs were less than those with EBM;(3)Species area curves 2,3,4,5,6 gave good point estimates of NS .Curve 1 overestimated the NSs while curves 7,8,9,10 underestimated the NSs for many cases;(4)Synthesizing the results obtained with the three kinds of methods.we can give the estimated NSs for the five communities and their three layers for each community:16,19,21,12,16 for trees,13,15,21,14,21 for shrubs,49,46,54,82,55 for herbs,and 79,80,96,107,92 for communities.
Keywords:plant community  number of species  estimate  empirical Bayes method  jackknife method  bootstrap method  species  area curve  extrapolation    
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