生态系统游憩服务功能维度及其形成——以三江源国家公园为例

已有研究主要从规模角度分析生态系统游憩服务，较少分析其结构。结合生态系统服务理论与旅游体验理论，基于旅游者的生态体验提出生态系统游憩服务功能维度的理论模型，并以三江源国家公园为案例区，采用问卷调查搜集数据，运用因子分析与结构方程模型分析数据、验证假设。研究表明，生态系统游憩服务包括美感体验、游憩机会与适宜环境3个功能维度，其形成受到地形、地表覆被、独特景观、景观格局、植被、保护地空间类型、天气与海拔等要素的影响。在不同区域，由于生态要素条件、旅游者对生态要素与各功能维度的感知和态度存在区别，生态系统游憩服务结构呈现出功能和结构差异性。研究解析了生态系统游憩服务的功能维度，深化了生态系统游憩服务研究，有助于完善生态系统游憩服务理论，优化生态要素管理方式。

The structure of recreational ecosystem services: a case study of the Sanjiangyuan National Park

Previous studies focus on the scale of recreational ecosystem services (RES), but lacks considering structure. This research proposes a theoretical framework of RES structure based on ecosystem service theory and tourism experience theory, which further confirmed by using factor analysis and structural equations model in the Sanjiangyuan National Park. Results show that RES contains three dimensions:aesthetics, recreational opportunities, and suitable environment. These dimensions are affected by ecological attributes such as topography, land cover, unique landscape, landscape pattern, vegetation, zone of protected area, weather and altitude. The spatial variation in RES structure derived from the differences in ecological attributes and the perception of tourists towards the functions of ecological attributes and various dimensions. This research deepens the understanding of RES structure, helps improving the RES theory and optimizes the management of ecological attributes.