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城市生态安全及其动态评价方法
引用本文:施晓清,赵景柱,欧阳志云.城市生态安全及其动态评价方法[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3237-3243.
作者姓名:施晓清  赵景柱  欧阳志云
作者单位:中国科学院生态环境研究中心,系统生态重点实验室,北京,100085
基金项目:中国科学院重点方向性研究资助项目(KZCX3-SW-424),国家自然科学基金资助项目(70373066)~~
摘    要:城市生态安全是人类生存和发展的一个重大课题。当前,城市生态安全正严重威胁着城市的可持续发展。全面了解城市生态安全状况是维护城市持续发展的基础。而城市生态安全的研究仍处于起步阶段,在吸取现有的国内外相关研究成果的基础上,探讨了城市生态安全的内涵和动态特征,分析了城市生态安全问题。对城市生态安全的评价方法进行了研究,提出了城市生态安全状态评价的指标体系和评价模型,趋势分析模型,以及基于状态评价与趋势分析的城市生态安全动态评价方法。

关 键 词:城市生态  生态安全  动态评价
文章编号:1000-0933(2005)12-3237-07
收稿时间:04 22 2005 12:00AM
修稿时间:2005-04-222005-10-23

Urban eco-security and its dynamic assessment method
SHI Xiaoqing,ZHAO Jingzhu and OUYANG Zhiyun.Urban eco-security and its dynamic assessment method[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(12):3237-3243.
Authors:SHI Xiaoqing  ZHAO Jingzhu and OUYANG Zhiyun
Institution:Key Lab. of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environment Sciences, CAS, Beijng, 100085, China
Abstract:Eco-security is a challenging issue to human survival and development. Cities are a concentration of human activities for efficiency and interaction.Traditionally,urban development places human beings at the center and is driven by human interests,so following urbanization,natural ecosystem is facing great stress,and the carrying capacity for cities is over loaded.As a result,serious urban eco-security problems rise up.Resource shortage blocks urban further development,and ecological refugees as well as environmental health problems influence human survival.Urban eco-security is menacing urban sustainable development.There is an urgent need for appreciating urban eco-security,and urban eco-security assessment is among the most important problems.Through the assessment,decision makers can get more information of the status of urban eco-security so that they can make sound strategies to resolve the problems.People can get timely information and then take decisive actions to protect themselves.However, existing methods are too limited in their ability to meet the objective.This paper focuses on urban eco-security assessment and proposes the basic concept of urban eco-security,which is a kind of status and trend of urban development whose eco-environment conditions can meet the needs of urban development and human living sufficiently.It identifies the factors of urban eco-security including resource shortage,environment pollution and ecological disaster,analyzes the dynamic characteristics of urban eco-security,and points out that there are different eco-security level in different temporal and spatial scales.Based on the factors,characteristics of urban eco-security,and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) model,the paper discusses the assessment principles for urban eco-security;establishes the indicator system which includes 23 indicators involving in resource and eco-environment;poses a dynamic assessment method based on status assessment and trend analysis including fuzzy synthesis status assessment model, assessment grades and trend analysis model.A case study on a city shows that the dynamic assessment gives more objective information to decision makers than traditional assessment.This research develops a vehicle to promote urban eco-security study,provides a way to establish a practical assessment method,and facilitates to achieve urban sustainability.
Keywords:urban ecosystem  eco-security  dynamic assessment
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