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四川盆地四种柏木林分类型的水文效应
引用本文:龚固堂,陈俊华,黎燕琼,张健,朱志芳,郑绍伟,吴雪仙.四川盆地四种柏木林分类型的水文效应[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2716-2726.
作者姓名:龚固堂  陈俊华  黎燕琼  张健  朱志芳  郑绍伟  吴雪仙
作者单位:1. 四川农业大学林学院,雅安,625014;四川省林业科学研究院生态所,成都,610081
2. 四川省林业科学研究院生态所,成都,610081
基金项目:林业公益性行业科研专项(20100400208); 国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD98B05)资助
摘    要:四川盆地丘陵区是长江上游水土流失最严重地区之一,该区大面积柏木纯林林分结构不合理、天然更新不良、林分稳定性差、产品产量和水土保持功能低,急需进行结构调整。通过群落样地调查和坡面径流场观测,对比分析了四川盆地4种柏木林分类型的水文效应。结果表明:(1) 4种林分类型林冠截留量与降水量呈幂函数关系; 林冠截留率随雨量级的增大而减小,对次降雨的最大截留量为栎柏混交林 (9.5 mm) > 桤柏混交林 (9.2 mm) > 松柏混交林 (8.8 mm) > 柏木纯林 (8.5 mm)。(2) 4种林分类型之间未分解层和半分解层枯落物持水量随浸泡时间的变化存在极显著差异;枯落物总存储量变化范围为4.06-7.62 t/hm2,枯落物总持水量排序为栎柏混交林 (17.07 t/hm2) > 桤柏混交林 (13.26 t/hm2)> 松柏混交林 (8.89 t/hm2) > 柏木纯林 (7.57 t/hm2)。(3) 4种林分0-40 cm土层非毛管孔隙度变化范围为 4.21%-6.94%,土壤最大持水量排序为栎柏混交林(1820.83±124.80) t/hm2 > 松柏混交林(1686.85±76.15) t/hm2 > 桤柏混交林(1644.45±119.84) t/hm2 > 柏木纯林(1574.14±119.89) t/hm2;4种林分类型雨季产沙量变化范围在534.2-1467.9 kg/hm2之间。综合分析表明,栎柏混交林是4种柏木林分类型中水土保持效果最优的;因此,该区柏木纯林的结构调整应以促进栎柏混交林的演替为目标。

关 键 词:林分类型  水文效应  林冠截留  枯落物  产沙量
收稿时间:2010/11/29 0:00:00
修稿时间:2011/3/10 0:00:00

A comparative analysis of the hydrological effects of the four cypress stand types in Sichuan Basin
GONG Gutang,CHEN Junhu,LI Yanqiong,ZHANG Jian,ZHU Zhifang,ZHENG Shaowei and WU Xuexian.A comparative analysis of the hydrological effects of the four cypress stand types in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(10):2716-2726.
Authors:GONG Gutang  CHEN Junhu  LI Yanqiong  ZHANG Jian  ZHU Zhifang  ZHENG Shaowei and WU Xuexian
Institution:Forestry College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China;Institute of Ecology, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
Abstract:The study area,situated in the eastern Sichuan province,is characterized by hilly landscape.Due to long-term deforestation of natural ever-green broad-leaf vegetation,this area had been suffered from soil erosion over time and was regarded as one of the most serious eroded region in the upper reach of Yangtze River.In order to mitigate soil erosion,a large area of cypress(Cuppressus funebris) monoculture was established starting early 1970s.However,the current monoculture was in a quite poor state in terms ...
Keywords:stand type  hydrological effects  canopy interception  litter  sediment yield
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