刈割对栽培长春花(Catharanthus roseus)生活史型转变的影响

为了提高栽培长春花（Catharanthus roseus）的生物碱产量，应用植物生活史型的理论和方法，研究了刈割对栽培长春花生活史型转变及其生物碱代谢的影响。运用主成分分析法（Principal Component Analysis, PCA）对刈割后的长春花后生活史型变化进行定量和定性划分，发现在对照栽培环境下生长的长春花处于DE生境，定性划分结果为SV生活史型，定量划分结果为V_0.3638S_0.6174C_0.0187，属于SV型。刈割使长春花的生活史型转变为V0.2847S0.6684C0.0469，属于SC型。同时，对两种生活史型的长春花中长春碱及其前体文朵灵和长春质碱的含量进行了检测分析，发现刈割后的SC型长春花不同叶位叶片中的生物碱含量均显著提高（p<0.05），可以为提高栽培长春花生物碱含量提供科学指导，也进一步验证了生活史型理论。

The effects of harvest on transformation of plant life cycle forms of Catharanthus roseus

Catharanthus roseus belongs to perennial herbaccous plant and is one kind of subshrub of the Catharanthus in Apocynaceae. There have been more than 100 kinds of alkaloids found in C. roseus, including vindoline, catharanthine and vinblastine. Due to the anti-cancer activity of these alkaloids, this plant has been widely cultivated around the world for the production of vinblastine. How to regulate environmental factors to improve alkaloid contents is the focus of cultivation of C. roseus. During whole the cycle of plants, the limited resource will be trade-off and allocated among vegetative, sexual and asexual reproductions, resulting in different life cycle forms, in order to obtain the most efficiency of survive. Primary and secondary metabolisms displayed different characterisitics accordingly. The effects of partially harvesting on transition of plant life cycle forms of C. roseus and its alkaloid variations according to the theory of plant life cycle form were investigated in order to improve vinblastine and other alkaloid productions. The qualitative and quantitative classification results using the method of primary component analysis (PCA) of harvested C. roseus seedlings revealed that controlled surroundings were suitable to growth and belonged to excellent habitat (E) of C. roseus with the form of V0.2847S0.6684C0.0469, called as SV form. Partially harvesting of seedlings was observed to change the life cycle forms to V0.2847S0.6684C0.0469, belonging to SC form. Coordinated alkaloid contents were investigated and the results showed that vindoline, catharanthine and vinblastine contents was elevated significantly (p<0.05) by treatment. These results showed that partially harvest exibited marked effects on plant life cycle forms and alkaloid metabolisms.