新疆艾丁湖及邻近地区嗜盐菌和耐盐菌的数量分布

以盐（NaCI）为限制性生物因子，对艾丁湖地区原核生物的分布状态进行调查，从距艾丁湖中心1．5km处出发，定距离，分季节取土样及水样（共取样20个）。对样品菌群数量统计表明，在湖水中，春秋两嗜盐菌的数量高于耐盐菌。冬季湖水温度大大降低，盐结晶沉淀，湖水中的盐浓度降低，使得湖水中的耐盐菌的数量高于嗜盐菌的数量。土壤中的有要物比湖水中的丰富，温度也较稳定，因而耐盐菌的数量高于嗜盐菌的数量。距湖岩越远，土壤中对盐依赖性强的细菌越少，反之对盐依赖性弱的菌越多。由样品中分离得到细菌173株，放线菌12株，以不同浓度NaCI为唯一生长限制因子对所分离到的细菌进行生理生化实验，获得嗜盐菌61株，其中除3株可视为新种外（新种的鉴定将另外报告），其它均为嗜盐菌的已知产生菌种，现仅报道艾丁湖及邻近地区以盐为限制因子的原核微生物分布。

The numerical distribution of halophilic bacteria and halotolerant bacteria in Aydin Lake and the surrounding area

In the present study in the numerical distribution of halophilic bacteria and halotolerantbacteria in Aydin L ake and the surrounding area was inrestigated while salt was the sole growth limiting factor. The results showed thatthe numerical distribution ofhalophilic bacteria and halotolerantbacteria varsed in different seasons and differentsampling site.In lake water,the halophilic bacteria was more than halotoler- ant bacteria in spring and autumn,but under low temperature condition in winter while the saltconcentra- tion in water was reduced by depositing,the opposite was observed.Compared with the water,there were relative steady organic content and temperature in the soil and the number of halotolerant microbe in soil samples were always larger than that of halophlic bacteria.The general distribute pattern was:the farther away from lake there were the few high salt dependentbacteria and the more low saltdependentones. By different salt concentration media,61 haloakaliphilic archaea were screened from a total of1 73 strains,and several new spices were obtained,their taxonomic characteristics and result will be described in another paper.