基于环境DNA技术的辽东湾真核微藻群落结构特征

以18S rDNA V4区作为目标基因，利用自行设计的真核微藻鉴定引物V4（F/R），结合高通量测序技术，对辽东湾2014年四季海水中真核微藻多样性进行了检测。结果发现，辽东湾海域注释到种的真核微藻有136种，41%的种类在中国海域未见报道，其中自养型占60%、异养型占10%、混合营养型占30%。研究对丰富中国海域微藻名录和外来海洋微藻背景数据库具有较大意义。

Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure in Liaodong Bay based on environmental DNA technology

In recent years, brown tide is a new type of marine ecological disaster in China, caused by picoalgae. Due to the small size of individuals, picoalgae is difficult to be identified by the traditionally morphological taxonomy methods. At present, studies on its outbreak mechanism, ecological distribution, monitoring and prevention methods are less. In this study, we designed a pair of primers (V4F/R) in 18S rDNA for eukaryotic microalgae indification and a biomolecular identification method for brown tide was established. The results of primers sensitivity and specificity evaluation showed that the primers V4 (F/R) were higher than other primers in amplification specificity, species diversity excavation and dominant species identification of eukaryotic picoalgae. A total of 136 species of eukaryotic microalgae and picoalgae were detected in Liaodong bay by this method, including autotrophic type accounting for 60%, mixotrophic type for 30% and heterotrophic type for 10%. Among them, 56 species have not been reported in Chinese waters, and another 30 species have not been reported in Liaodong Bay, but reported in other Chinese waters. This study is of great significance for the enrichment of phytoplankton in Chinese waters and the background database of exotic marine microalgae.