环太湖复合型生态网络构建

生态网络构建的定量化研究已在生态规划中发挥了重要作用,但复合型生态网络构建却仍旧停留在理论探索与创新阶段。以环太湖地区为例,基于RS和GIS软件平台,采用最短路径分析方法模拟研究区潜在的生态廊道;然后叠加景观、游憩图谱网络,进行无标度网络的构建和检测,构建空间效能好的环太湖复合型生态网络图谱,并据此有针对性地提出复合型生态网络结构和框架优化的建议。研究结果表明,环太湖区域的生态网络和景观、游憩网络可以通过图谱分析和无标度网络检测进行整合,构建出空间效能好的复合型生态网络模型,从而指导环湖生态、景观、游憩资源的耦合发展与廊道建设;通过对不同分区的图谱形态和指标分析,具有小世界网络特征的太湖北部的苏州段和无锡段应以保护和连接为重点,南部的湖州段无标度网络特征明显,成长潜力较好,需要进行高质量的规划保护和开发。

The complex eco-network development around Taihu Lake, China

Quantitative research on the development of eco-networks provides an important basis for habitat conservation and planning related decision-making; however, related theoretical research about the complexities of eco-networks development still remains in its infancy. Rapid urbanization around Taihu Lake of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces of eastern China has caused serious landscape fragmentation. The current green corridors, which have been merely developed for either ecological conservation or scenic tourism development, have proved inadequate for supporting the need to create an eco-city as well as to provide for sustainable regional development. The eco-city system surrounding Taihu Lake needs to include both physical eco-networks and virtual networks; that is, the entire system needs to include landscaping and provide recreational opportunities, while at the same time consider the less tangible aspects of the system''s social and economic characteristics and functions. Thus, a pressing need exists for the development of strategies that consider various aspects of developing a multifaceted eco-network. This paper takes Taihu Lake as an example, using RS and GIS to initially simulate the development of ecological corridors based on the shortest path method. Next, a scale-free and complex network was developed by overlapping the graphic maps of ecological networks, landscape networks and recreational networks. This graphic network of layered GIS maps can provide important information to assist land managers in developing and optimizing the area''s complex eco-network. The result demonstrates that the GIS-based map and graphics along with the scale-free network provide a good method to guide the development of a complex eco-network. As a result, one can see that an efficient yet complex eco-network is beneficial to the conservation of ecological resources, the landscape and the recreational resources. The results also indicate that the existing complex eco-network along the northern section of Taihu Lake, which is part of the Suzhou and Wuxi districts, has become very fragmented; as a result, additional work is need to provide additional resource protection and natural area interconnection. On the other side of Taihu Lake, the complex eco-network on the southern section in Huzhou District shows great potential for further improvement. The needs of this area should be carefully considered during future planning and development.