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长江河口大型工程与水体生境破碎化
引用本文:叶属峰,丁德文,王文华.长江河口大型工程与水体生境破碎化[J].生态学报,2005,25(2):268-272.
作者姓名:叶属峰  丁德文  王文华
作者单位:1. 国家海洋局东海环境监测中心,上海,200137;上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海,200240
2. 海洋生态环境科学与工程国家海洋局重点实验室,青岛,266061;上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海,200240
3. 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海,200240
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 (2 0 0 2 CB412 40 6),国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金资助项目 (2 0 0 2 10 9~~
摘    要:河口生境是河口生态系统的一个基本组成部分 ,是海洋典型生境类型之一。人类活动所导致的河口自然生境破碎化的过程 ,是河口综合整治中对河口生态系统影响的一种重要方式。 2 0 0 2年 5~ 6月对长江口深水航道治理一期工程海域水体生境 7个指标进行取样调查 ,研究结果表明 :工程建设已对长江河口海域水体生境破碎化产生了明显影响 ,造成局部小尺度海洋水系改变。依盐度可将河口水体生境分为 3种斑块类型 ,依 DO、COMMn、Si O3- Si、Chl a可分为 2、3、3和 6种斑块类型 ,而依浮游植物 (取自然对数 )和浮游动物个数总数可分为 4种和 5种斑块类型。水体水境 7个指标的景观多样性指数 (H )、优势度指数 (D)和破碎度 (C)存在着显著差异 ,H值以 Chl a最大 (0 .5 8) ,DO最小 (0 .0 4 ) ;D值以 COD最大 (0 .30 ) ,浮游植物最小 (0 .0 8) ;C值以 Chl a最大 (0 .30 ) ,DO最小 (0 .0 5 )。除盐度外 ,2 0 0 2年长江口水体 DO和 COD的斑块数量以及 H、D和 C值均大于一期工程前期 (1997年 5月 )。这表明一期工程建设已对河口水体生境破碎化和生境景观多样性产生明显影响 ,水体生境斑块分布格局受一期工程建设导致的河口局部水动力改变影响很大 ,值得深入研究

关 键 词:河口大型工程  生境破碎化  水体  长江口
文章编号:1000-0933(2005)02-0268-05
收稿时间:4/4/2004 12:00:00 AM

Large-scale estuarine engineering and estuarine habitat fragmentation of water body in the Yangtze River Estuary
YE Shufeng,DING Dewen and WANG Wenhua.Large-scale estuarine engineering and estuarine habitat fragmentation of water body in the Yangtze River Estuary[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(2):268-272.
Authors:YE Shufeng  DING Dewen and WANG Wenhua
Institution:East China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center; State Oceanic Administration; Shanghai; China
Abstract:Estuarine habitat, one of basic components of estuarine ecosystems, is a typical marine habitat. Human activities such as large-scale engineering construction in the estuarine comprehensive regulation have an important impact on estuarine ecosystems, resulting in estuarine habitat fragmentation. In this paper, based on the survey and sampling data of 7 habitat indices carried out during May to June, 2002 in the Yangtze River Estuary, we preliminarily studied and analyzed the impact of the first-stage project of Deep-waterway Regulation on habitat fragmentation of estuarine water body. The estuarine water habitats can be subdivided into 3, 2, 3, 3, 6, 4 and 5 patch types for salinity, DO, COM_(Mn), SiO_3-Si, Chl a, phytoplankton and zooplankton, respectively. The seascape diversity(H), dominance index(D)and fragmentation index(C)of 7 indices in water body differed significantly. H of Chl a is the highest with 0.58 and that of DO the lowest with 0.04; D of COD is the highest with 0.30 and that of phytoplankton the lowest with 0.08; C of Chl a is the highest with 0.30 and that of DO is the lowest with 0.05. Except for salinity, the number of patches, H, D and C of DO and COD in water body of the Yangtze River Estuary in May are higher than that in May 1997. Our results showed that the large-scale estuarine engineering has had obvious impacts on the habitat fragmentation of water body in the Yangtze River Estuary, resulting in locally small-scale changes in oceanic water mass. The results from this study suggest that the first-stage project of Deep-waterway Regulation has caused habitat fragmentation and significant impact on seascape diversity of estuarine water body. The patch patterns of estuarine water body are related to local hydrodynamic condition caused by the first-stage project, which deserve for further research.
Keywords:large-scale estuarine engineering  habitat fragmentation  water body  the Yangtze River Estuary
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