生态水文过程研究进展

生态水文学是研究生态格局和生态过程变化水文学机制的科学。它的一个重要研究方向是在不同时空尺度上和一系列环境条件下探讨生态水文过程。生态水文过程是指水文过程与生物动力过程之间的功能关系 ,它包括生态水文物理过程、生态水文化学过程及其生态效应。在探讨以上基本概念和总结生态水文过程研究特点的基础上 ,着重探讨生态水文物理过程、生态水文化学过程及其生态效应等生态水文过程核心内容的研究进展 ,并简要分析了生态水文过程研究中存在的主要问题和未来的研究热点。

Advances in ecohydrological process research

Ecohydrology is a new interdisciplinary subject between ecology and hydrology th at appeares in the 1990s. It studies the hydrological mechanisms of ecological p atterns and processes. A core content of ecohydrology is the study of ecohydrolo gical processes under multiple temporal and spatial scales and under various env ironmental conditions. Ecohydrological processes integrate hydrological process with biota dynamics.The are two important differences between Ecohydrological processes and traditional hydrological processes. The first is that ecohydrologi cal emphasize the interaction between ecological processes and hydrological proc esses, the other is that ecohydrological processes involves the effect of differ ent temporal and spatial scales.The study of ecohydrological processes includes ecohydrological physical processes, chemical processes and their ecological effe cts.Vegetation cover and land use are the two main factors which affect ecohydro logical physical processes. It is thought that vegetation cover and land use can certain extent affect the water balance by changeing water distribution among e vaporation, runoff, soil moisture and ground water.The study of ecohydrological chemical processes focus on landscape pattern and nutrition load, between hydrol ogical pattern and nutrition load and on ecological flow. Hydrological processes are important to plant growth. They control many fundamental ecohydrological pa ttern and processes, especially vegetation pattern. Another important part of ec ohydrology is the development of ecohydrological models. At present, with the wi dely applied use of GIS and RS, a lot of progress has been made on ecohydrologic al models. Finally, this paper puts forwards that big scales ecohydrological pro cesses, ecohydrological model, ecohydrological restortation and mountain ecohydr ological processes will be the hot spots in the future.