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辽河三角洲湿地区域生态风险评价
引用本文:付在毅,许学工,林辉平,王宪礼.辽河三角洲湿地区域生态风险评价[J].生态学报,2001,21(3):365-373.
作者姓名:付在毅  许学工  林辉平  王宪礼
作者单位:1. 北京大学城市与环境学系,
2. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(49631040)
摘    要:生态风险评价区别于生态影响评价的重要特征在于其强调不确定性因素的作用,区域生态风险评价相对于一般生态风险评价而言,其所涉及的风险源以及评价受体等都在区域内具有窨异质性,即具有区域分异现象,因而更具复杂性,以辽河三角洲湿地(盘锦市)为研究范围进行区域生态风险评价理论和方法的探讨,针对辽河三角洲主要生态风险源洪涝、干旱、风暴潮灾害和油田污染事故的概率进行了分级评价;并提出度量生态环境重要性和脆弱性的指标,分析了风险源的危害作用;运用遥感资料和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,完成了区域生态风险综合评价。

关 键 词:区域生态风险评价  辽河三角洲  湿地
文章编号:1000-0933(2001)03-0365-09
收稿时间:1999/9/21 0:00:00
修稿时间:5/1/2000 12:00:00 AM

Regional ecological risk assessment of in the Liaohe River Delta wetlands
FU Zaiyi,XU Xuegong,LIN Huiping and WANG Xianli.Regional ecological risk assessment of in the Liaohe River Delta wetlands[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001,21(3):365-373.
Authors:FU Zaiyi  XU Xuegong  LIN Huiping and WANG Xianli
Institution:Department Of Geography; Peking University; Beijing; China
Abstract:Ecological risk assessment is a new study field. Its objective is to estimate the possibility and magnitude in which some undesired ecological events will occur by using mathematics, probability and other risk analysis techniques. Regional ecological risk assessment is one branch of ecological risk assessment,for which both the receptors and sources of risk must be in regional scale, and the exposure and effects assessment must account their uncertainty and spatial heterogeneity. In the case study of the Liaohe River Delta wetlands.this article inguires into the theory and method of regional ecological risk assessment. First, we select birds and their habitats as risk receptors after analyzed the landscape framework and ecological function of the wetlands. Second, we define the mainly risk sources in this region including flood, drought, storm tide and oil pollution events. According to the statistic of the region, the probability and distributing of each kind of risk sources are gained. Third, the habitat receptor is exposed under risk sources and contacts with bird receptor. Risk sources will affect the habitat elements and the birds will be harmed. In the exposure and hazard analysis, we use ecological index to denote the important degree of each habitat, use fragile index to show their features of anti risk. Hazard consequences are analyzed, which formed by different risk sources. In order to compare the risk brought by different risk source, we use AHP method to get the weigh of each kind of risk sources. Finally, risk assessment is the integrated phase of the research. Because of the spatial heterogeneity of risk sources, all risk sources are overlaid in the region, which divides the region into 122 risk areas. Within each risk area there is homogeneous for risk sources but heterogeneous for habitats. So we can get the ecological index and fragile index of each risk area according to the types of habitats in it, then combine probability and weigh of risk sources to calculate risk value of each risk area. According to the risk value of each risk area, the wetland region in Liaohe River Delta is divided into five levels of risk zones. The result of assessment provides scientific basis for environmental risk management of the Liaohe River Delta.
Keywords:regional ecological risk assessment  Liaohe River Delta  wetlands
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