基于生态经济分区的土壤质量及其变化与农户行为分析

通过1980年土壤普查数据和1999～2000年土壤质量调查和地下水调查数据进行对比和空间计算，看出土壤质量变化在空间上存在较大的空间变异性；在综合自然、社会经济信息，对曲周县进行的生态经济综合分区基础上进行农户调查，对各分区土壤质量状况及其变化以及不同分区之间农户行为差异的分析表明：农户主要通过种植行为选择和经营投人和资源利用等行为对土壤质量和环境产生影响。不同类型农户在种植行为选择和经营投入上有较大差别．

The study of the change of soil quality and the analysis of farm household based on eco-economy zone

Under the Household Responsibility System, farm households have become the basic and main micro\|level decision making units on human activities in agriculture that affect sustainable land use in China since 1978. Households affect soil quality and environment both by their consumption, and, especially, for agricultural household, the production decision. The analysis of household land use based on Eco\|economy zone could give a high light on the relationship between the land use behaviors of farm household and the sustainability of land use and be helpful for the sustainable land use at regional level and national level.This paper focused on the Agro\|ecological zoning and the analysis of household land use in different Eco\|economy zone. The Eco\|economy zones in Quzhou County were done with clustering method, based on the integration of agro\|ecology information and socio\|economic data at village level. There are biggish difference in population density, plow land resource, income, and yield among the four Eco\|economy Zones. The spatial calculation of soil quality change was analyzed with soil quality data of 79 surveyed plots in 1999 (part of data were collected in 2000), the underground water table of 179 surveyed wells in 1999 and the soil census data in 1980. The household data of 172 farms in 46 villages in 2000 were collected with classification isometric sampling based on the Eco\|economy zone, and some other household data in 1995 and 1998 were used to for analysis of household behavior too.The result of spatial calculation of soil quality change presented that the content of Total Nitrogen, increased 92.59 g/kg, Olsen\|Phosphorus 233.46 mg/kg, Soil Organic Matter 54.08 g/kg, however the content of Soil Olsen\|Potassium ( K ) decreased 43.40 mg/kg during the last 20 years, and there are some difference in the soil quality change among different Eco\|economy zone. Further analysis of farm household in land use at different zone approval that: 1. Farms have the effectiveness on the land quality and environment through the choice of land use type and the input of fertilizer, pesticide, and the percentage of straw return to field; 2. The reason of high Nitrate content of underground water (36.28mg/kg) in zone 4 (in the middle of Quzhou County) maybe was that the high percentage of vegetable planting in the area, because farm use much more fertilizer in the vegetable planting than that for crop planting; 3. The risk of soil salinization in zone 2 (in the northern of Quzhou County) were higher than other part of the area because more salted water were used for irrigation; 4. There much more underground water use for irrigation in zone 1 and zone 3 resulted in more decrease of underground water table in the region; 5. The household behavior will have a strong effect on the soil quality in new future.There are some difference in the choice of land use and the input in crop amongst the different household type. Farm's behavior is guided by multiple, often confiding, household objectives, subject to the available resources, possible productive activities, and external economic and biophysical constraints.