王朗自然保护区大熊猫生境选择

基于王朗自然保护区的长期、连续监测,采用王朗保护区大熊猫野外监测数据,利用分布频率法和相似性指数法,从地形因子、森林群落结构特征和主食竹生长三方面研究大熊猫生境选择的年度与季节变化特征。结果表明:1997-2009年间,(1)随着时间的推移、环境的变化,大熊猫的生境选择是变化的。(2)大熊猫生境选择年度相似性指数曲线总体呈曲折上升趋势,尤其是2000-2009年,基本为平稳上升趋势,相似性指数总体逐渐接近于1,说明随着年度变化,大熊猫会对生境选择进行大的、明显的调整,并且是朝着某种趋势发生的。(3)大熊猫生境选择季节相似性指数均在0.90-1.00之间,表明在季节变化中,大熊猫的生境选择与13a整体的生境选择情况高度一致,说明随着季节变化,大熊猫会对生境选择进行小的、不明显的微调。此研究结果可以为大熊猫生境保护和管理提供重要借鉴和科学依据。

The habitat selection of Giant panda in Wanglang Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province, China

Previous research showed that habitat selection of the Giant panda was the key issues for the conservation of this wildlife. Based on the 13 years' filed observation data in Wanglang Nature Reserve, Pingwu county of Sichuan province, China, using the distribution frequency method and similarity index method, the yearly and seasonal changes in habitat selection of Giant panda were studied from the three aspects which including, topography factors(such as elevation, aspect, position, and slope, etc.), the structural attributes of forest community (such as vegetation type, mean height of trees and shrubs, canopy and coverage of shrubs) and the characteristics of main feeding bamboo (such as the species, mean height, coverage, growth type and states). The main Giant panda's habitats and environmental conditions in Wanglang Nature Rreserve were as follows: the elevation between 2 500 3 000 m, with the slope of 6 20°, the distance to nearest water source >300m, well-grown secondary forest characterized by the coniferous mixed with broad leaved trees, with the trees mean height of 20 29m, the shrubs mean height of 2 3m, the forest closeness of 0.25 0.49, shrub coverage of 25% 49%. The main feeding bamboo of Giant panda was as follows, scattered Fargesia denudate, with the coverage of 50% 74%, mean height of 2 3m, growth well.Based on the analysis of the inventory data from 1997 to 2009, the results indicated that: (1)Giant panda's habitat selection is changing with time and environment; (2)the curve of yearly similarity index of habitat selection and the similarity coefficients of Giant panda's habitat selection is close to 1, overall, the annual change of the Giant panda's habitat selection showed an steady increasing trend, especially during the period of 2000 2009, it indicates that the Giant panda will adjust its' habitat selection significantly year by year; (3)the seasonal similarity coefficients of the Giant panda's habitat selection are all between 0.90 and 1.00, the Giant panda's habitat selection in each season was very similar to that happened in the whole 13 years. This indicates that Giant panda will just make a minor and unobvious adjust on the habitat selection along with the seasonal change. This result can provide important references and scientific basis for the restoration and management of the Giant panda's habitats.