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三峡库区河流生境质量评价
引用本文:陈淼,苏晓磊,黄慧敏,高婷,党成强,董蓉,曾波,陶建平.三峡库区河流生境质量评价[J].生态学报,2019,39(1):192-201.
作者姓名:陈淼  苏晓磊  黄慧敏  高婷  党成强  董蓉  曾波  陶建平
作者单位:三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室西南大学生命科学学院;长江大学;;北京清华同衡规划设计研究...;陕西师范大学地理科学与旅...;湖南农业大学生物科学技术...;北京大学建筑与景观设计学...;惠州学院地理与旅游学院;...;北京林业大学国家林业局森...;宁波海洋研究院;国家海洋...;云南师范大学旅游与地理科...;七星河国家级自然保护区管...
基金项目:长江大学;;北京清华同衡规划设计研究...;陕西师范大学地理科学与旅...;湖南农业大学生物科学技术...;北京大学建筑与景观设计学...;惠州学院地理与旅游学院;...;北京林业大学国家林业局森...;宁波海洋研究院;国家海洋...;云南师范大学旅游与地理科...;七星河国家级自然保护区管...
摘    要:三峡水库建成蓄水后,库区流水生境的大幅度减少及垂直落差最高可达30 m的消落带的形成,使库区支流生境发生了剧烈变化,因此对库区河流生境质量评价十分必要。基于水文情势、河流形态和河岸带生境3个方面18个指标的河流生境评价指标体系,对三峡库区36条重要支流254个样点河段进行河流生境质量评价。结果表明,4.72%的样点河流生境质量处于优等,30.31%为良好等级,49.61%为一般等级,15.35%为较差等级,没有最差等级的样点。对于表征河流生境状况的水文情势、河流形态和河岸带生境3个类别,254个河段总体上河岸带生境状况最好,其次为水文情势,河流形态最差。从总体上来看,三峡库区支流生境质量是自然环境和人类活动相互作用的结果,其中河岸带植被状况、消落带宽度、人为干扰、河床底质状况、水文情势自然性等为主要的驱动因子。

关 键 词:三峡水库  库区支流  生境质量评价  主成分分析
收稿时间:2017/12/21 0:00:00
修稿时间:2018/8/2 0:00:00

Assessment of river habitat quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region
CHEN Miao,SU Xiaolei,HUANG Huimin,GAO Ting,DANG Chengqiang,DONG Rong,ZENG Bo and TAO Jianping.Assessment of river habitat quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2019,39(1):192-201.
Authors:CHEN Miao  SU Xiaolei  HUANG Huimin  GAO Ting  DANG Chengqiang  DONG Rong  ZENG Bo and TAO Jianping
Institution:Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China,Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China and Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Abstract:After the completion of the Three Gorges Reservoir, tributaries of the reservoir habitat changed dramatically because of the greatly reduced flow of water and formation of a 30 m deep water-level fluctuation zone, so it is very necessary to evaluate reservoir river habitat quality. Based on the river habitat assessment index system, including 18 indicators that relate to river hydrology, river morphology, and riparian habitat, we evaluated the quality of the river habitat at 254 sampling points in the 36 important tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The quality of the habitat scored within the range of "excellent" at 4.72 percent of the sampling sites and 30.31 percent received a score within the range of "very good." On the other hand, 49.61 percent received a score within the range of "average", while the remaining 15.35 percent received a score of "poor". There was no site within this catchment that received a score of "very poor". For the river habitat conditions, the riparian zone was the best out of the whole 254 sites, followed by the hydrological regime, and the river morphology was the worst. Overall, the habitat quality of tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir is due to the interaction between the natural environment and human interaction, and the riparian vegetation condition, riparian zone width, human disturbance, riverbed sediment conditions, and hydrological nature are the main driving factors.
Keywords:Three Gorges Reservoir Region  rivers in reservoir area  habitat assessment  principal component analysis
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