景观多功能性:概念辨析、近今进展与前沿议题

景观多功能性是指景观同时提供多种功能,且不同功能间存在相互作用的特性。良好的景观多功能性可以有效提升区域人类福祉,使景观多功能性成为一项典型的人地耦合研究议题。然而,概念不明确、计量方法粗略、实践应用较少是当前制约景观多功能性研究继续深化的重要障碍。通过明晰景观多功能性与生态系统功能、生态系统服务、土地功能、景观服务、景观可持续性等近似概念的逻辑关系,梳理近年来国际上农业景观多功能性、城市景观多功能性以及其他具有区域特色的景观多功能性研究进展,发现格局-过程-服务-可持续性的级联研究链条已逐渐显现。未来景观多功能性研究有待基于供需原理优化景观功能评估指标与方法,正确认知景观功能主导性与多样性的关系,探究可持续发展目标达成的多目标协同途径,为国土空间优化提供理论、方法与实践指引。

Landscape multifunctionality: concept clarification, recent progress, and frontier issues

Landscape multifunctionality refers to the characteristic of landscapes in which they provide multiple different functions, which interact with each other, at the same time. Good landscape multifunctionality can effectively improve regional human well-being, making landscape multifunctionality a typical topic of human-land coupling research. However, vague concepts, rough measurement methods, and a lack of practical application are major obstacles to the further development of landscape multifunctionality research. This study clarified the concepts and the logical relationships among ecosystem function, ecosystem service, land function, landscape service, and landscape sustainability. International studies in recent years classified as agricultural landscape multifunctionality, urban landscape multifunctionality, and other and others featuring regional landscape multifunctionality have been reviewed. The cascade research chain of "pattern, process, service, sustainability" has gradually emerged. Four frontier issues were set in this study, comprising the following: optimizing the indicators and methods of landscape function evaluation based on the principle of supply and demand; correctly understanding the relationship between the dominance and diversity of landscape function; exploring a multi-objective collaborative approach to achieve sustainable development goals; and providing theoretical, methodological, and practical guidance for the optimization of national territory development.