锡林郭勒盟草地生态系统服务功能价值动态估算

定量评价草地生态系统服务功能价值及其动态变化,对草地资源保护具有重要意义。以锡林郭勒盟为研究区域,选用2000—2015年MODIS数据和年值降水量数据,构建了定量的生态服务价值估算体系,对草地生态系统提供产品、营养物质循环、维持碳氧平衡、涵养水源、保持土壤及文化娱乐六种服务功能进行了动态估算和对比分析,并探讨了研究区域内各旗、市、县草地生态服务价值的动态变化情况。研究结果表明:2000—2015年锡林郭勒盟草地生态系统提供的总服务价值年际增长率为2.52%,年均增值33.71亿元,呈波动上升的趋势。但各旗、市、县之间草地资源发展不平衡(年际增长率范围-0.46%—1.71%),尤其在正镶白旗(年际增长率-0.30%)和太仆寺旗(年际增长率-0.46%)两地服务价值负增长;不同草地生态系统服务功能提供的服务价值相差悬殊,维持碳氧平衡功能约占比当年总价值35%,而提供产品功能仅占比约5%,对草地生态系统保护起着至关重要作用的涵养水源功能也仅占比约1.5%。为动态估算内蒙古自治区,乃至京津冀地区的草地生态系统服务功能价值提供借鉴。

Dynamic evaluation of grassland ecosystem services in Xilingol League

Evaluating the value of ecosystem services is an important indicator to measure the development status of grassland ecosystems. Quantitative analysis of dynamic changes in ecosystem service values is of great significance to protect grassland resources. This paper used MODIS images and annual precipitation data from 2000 to 2015 to build a quantitative system for evaluating the value of ecological services of Xilingol League. The values of six service functions of grassland ecosystem, namely, product provision, nutrient cycling, carbon and oxygen balance maintenance, water conservation, soil maintenance, and entertainment, were calculated and dynamic changes in each banner, city and county of the research area were discussed. The results show that the total service value provided by the grassland ecosystem in Xilingol League from 2000 to 2015 exhibited a fluctuating increasing trend, with a 2.52% annual growth rate and increasing 3.371 billion yuan. However, the development of grassland resources among banneres, cities and counties was imbalanced (annual growth rate range from -0.46% to 1.71%), and even showed negative growth in service value in Zhengxiangbai Banner (annual growth rate was -0.30%) and Taipusi Banner (annual growth rate was -0.46%). The value derived from service functions provided by grassland ecosystem varied greatly. The function of maintaining carbon and oxygen balance accounted for 35% of the total value, while product provisioning accounted for only 5%, and the function of water conservation, which played a vital role in the protection of grassland ecosystem only accounted for about 1.5%. This research will provide a reference for the dynamic estimation of grassland ecosystem services in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and even Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.