钦州湾春、夏季浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系

为了探究人类活动对钦州湾浮游植物群落的影响,分别于2013年3月和7月进行了两航次综合调查。采用聚类和典型对应分析法,分别对浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明春夏两季浮游植物共有3门45属115种,其中硅藻100种、甲藻14种、蓝藻1种。两季浮游植物生态类群分别以暖温带广布种和暖温带近岸种为主,季节性差异明显。典型对应分析表明,影响浮游植物分布的主要环境因子是悬浮物、pH、盐度和营养盐。受入海径流和外来水团等因子影响,钦州湾浮游植物群落在夏季更易聚为相似性群落,春季则呈斑块化分布。

Distribution of phytoplankton and its relationship with environmental factors in the Qinzhou Bay in spring and summer

Qinzhou Bay (108.46-108.75°E, 21.54-21.87°N), located at the middle coast of Guangxi Province, is a semi\enclosed lageniform bay. As one of the most important marine economic bases on the south coast of China, Qinzhou Bay plays a significant role in numerous marine industries, which involve port transportation, coastal tourism, and marine aquaculture and fisheries, among others.In recent years, along with rapid economic development and a denser human population, many environmental problems have arisen and seriously threaten both the marine ecosystem and economic sustainable development, such as eutrophication, red tides, and the decrease of coastal wetlands, among others.Phytoplankton, as is well known, is very sensitive to regional environmental change and plays a key role as a primary producer in the marine ecosystem.However,there is little research regarding the effects of variable environmental factors on phytoplankton communities in Qinzhou Bay.In 2013, to determine the relationship between marine exploitation and phytoplankton communities, we conducted a spring (March) and summer (July) survey in Qinzhou Bay. Cluster and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were applied. The results were as follows:3 phyla, 45 genera, and 115 species were classified during the entire year in Qinzhou Bay, including 100 diatom species, 14 dinoflagellate species, and 1 cyanobacteria species.The warm water species dominated phytoplankton communities in both spring and summer, although we observed a substantial change in community structure between the seasons. The results of CCA showed that suspended substance, pH, salinity, and nutrients were the main environmental factors that affected the distribution of phytoplankton. Under the influence of different runoff and water mass, most of the phytoplankton communities in spring were easily clustered into similar communities; however, those in summer tended to be more varied.