基于生态系统服务评价的围填海区域景观生态红线划分方法及应用研究

以围填海活动为代表的高强度的人类开发利用方式从根本上改变了海岸带地区的自然属性,区域生态环境发生了深刻变化。定位于我国大陆沿海的围填海区域,通过人机交互目视解译的方法获取我国大陆沿海围填海区域的矢量数据,基于围填海活动影响下海岸带区域的景观类型和生态系统服务变化的评估结果,识别我国海岸带的生态脆弱区和重点保护区,提出围填海区域景观生态红线的划分方法。通过分析可知:(1)围填海区域景观生态红线区呈现出"总体分散、局部集中"的的分布特点;(2)景观生态红线区主要分布在人工湿地和残存自然湿地中。围填海区域是进行海陆统筹研究的关键区域,而景观生态红线作为识别其重要生态功能区,并进行二次保护和抢救性保护的有效手段,将为我国海岸带生态管理提供新思路和新方法。

Application of landscape ecological redline based on ecosystem services in mainland China's coastal reclamation area

Natural features and ecosystem conditions at coastal zones have been changing with sea reclamation activities, intensive human exploitation, and utilization. The study area is located in a coastal reclamation area in mainland of China. Vector data for the coastal reclamation area were obtained using a human-computer interactive visual interpretation method. Based on the vector data, the impacts of coastal reclamation on changes in the landscape types and ecosystem services in the coastal reclamation area were evaluated. Important eco-zone and eco-fragile areas were identified based on the results of ecosystem service assessment. The main conclusions of this study were as follows:(1) The characteristics of the Landscape Ecological Redline in the coastal reclamation area showed a generally dispersed and regionally centralized distribution. (2) The Landscape Ecological Redline was distributed in the landscape of artificial wetland and remaining natural wetland. The sea reclamation area is important for researching the integration of land and sea. These results provide data support and methods for integrating the land and sea as a research case to improve management systems of the land and sea.