降水稳定同位素研究的历史与现状——基于文献计量学及网络分析方法

降水稳定同位素可以揭示降水的不同水汽来源和水汽的季节转换。通过建立降水稳定同位素与不同气象要素的关系,可为区域水资源管理甚至可为生态修复中的植被恢复状态的研究提供重要的背景数据。为揭示降水稳定同位素研究的发展现状,基于文献计量学以及网络分析方法运用Citespace软件对1990—2017年Web of Science核心数据库中降水稳定同位素的相关文献进行可视化统计分析。发现降水稳定同位素相关的文献数量在呈逐年上升趋势,主要分布在地质、气象与大气科学、海洋学、湖泊沼泽学、古生物学等相关学科,美国、中国、德国、加拿大等国家以及中国科学院、美国地质调查局等研究机构文章数量较多,表现出较强的科研实力。利用Citespace软件绘制了降水稳定同位素研究相关文献的共被引、研究作者的共被引等知识图谱,对该研究领域知识基础及核心作者的影响力进行了探讨。图谱显示,2007年以来,Yao T、Risi C、Tian L等对降水稳定同位素的研究的推进起到了重要的推动作用。最后对该研究领域的关键词与词频等进行分析,绘制出降水稳定同位素研究领域的研究热点演进脉络,并确定leaf water、Tibetan Plateau、cellulose、environmental change、tree ring、atmospheric circulation、groundwater recharge、hydrograph separation等即将成为研究的新热点。近几年来,虽然研究的文章数量在逐年增加,但是核心作者及代表作品较少,与社会的实际生产应用结合度不足。在未来研究中在注重方法的更新的同时可考虑与社会生产实际相结合。

A review of stable isotope in precipitation studies based on bibliometric and social network analysis

Stable isotopes in precipitation can reveal different sources as well as seasonal transition of water vapor. Studying the relationship between the stable isotope in precipitation and different meteorological factors can provide important background data for regional water resource management and ecological restoration of vegetation. To elucidate the development of stable isotope in precipitation in modern times, this study based on bibliometrics, network analysis, and Citespace software performed the visualization analysis of the literature data collected from Web of Science during 1990 and 2017. It was found that the number of literatures about stable isotope in precipitation is increasing year by year, mainly focused on subjects, such as geology, meteorology and atmospheric sciences, oceanography, limnology, and paleontology. The research strength mainly concentrates in USA, China and Germany, and other research institutions showing a strong scientific research strength, such as Chinese Academy of Sciences, the United States Geological Survey, and so on. The Citespace software was used to draw a map of the co-cited literature, co-authors, research area, and influence of core authors. The result shows that the researchers Yao T, Risi C, and Tian L have played important roles in promoting the study of stable isotopes in precipitation since 2007. The keywords, such as leaf water, Tibetan Plateau, cellulose, environmental change, tree ring, atmospheric circulation, groundwater recharge, and hydrograph separation will soon become the novel research topics. In recent years, although the number of articles has been increasing year by year, the number of core authors and their representatives is relatively small. Furthermore, it is not sufficient to combine theory with application in our society; this problem would require our immediate and constant attention in the future.