山西省森林生态系统服务功能评估

森林生态系统服务功能评估一直是国内外研究热点之一,森林不仅具有经济价值,更有巨大的生态价值。基于山西省2016年森林资源2类调查数据,根据中华人民共和国林业行业标准LY/T1721—2008《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》,对山西省11个地市的主要植被类型生态系统服务功能进行评估。结果表明:1)2016年,山西省森林生态系统服务功能总价值为3172.64亿元,其价值量由大到小的顺序为涵养水源、净化大气环境、保育土壤、固碳释氧、生物多样性保护、林木积累营养物质、森林游憩,其中涵养水源、净化大气环境和保育土壤的价值量共占山西省森林生态系统服务功能总价值的78.98%;2)山西省各市森林生态系统服务功能价值量由大到小的顺序为吕梁市、忻州市、临汾市、晋中市、长治市、运城市、晋城市、大同市、太原市、朔州市、阳泉市,而单位面积价值量最大的是晋城市,最小的是朔州市;3)不同林分类型生态系统服务功能价值量由大到小的顺序为乔木林(油松、栎类、针阔混、阔叶混、桦木及山杨类、落叶松、杨树及软阔类、槐类、柏木、针叶混、云杉、硬阔类和竹林)、灌木林和经济林;4)不同龄组提供的生态系统服务功能价值量由大到小的顺序为中龄林、幼龄林、成过熟林、近熟林。

Evaluation of forest ecosystem services value in Shanxi Province

The evaluation of forest ecosystem service function is a hot topic at home and abroad. Forests bring not only economic benefits but also ecological benefits for humans. Based on the Forest Resources in Shanxi Province Report of 2016 and the standard specifications of the People''s Republic of China (LY/T1721-2008, "Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem service in China"), this study evaluated the value of main vegetation types of 11 cities in Shanxi Province. The results showed that: 1) the total value of forest ecosystem services was 3172.64 billion yuan in Shanxi Province in 2016, with high to low value observed in the order of water storage, air quality purification, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, biodiversity conservation, nutrients accumulation, and forest recreation. Water storage, air quality purification, and soil conservation contributed 78.98% of the total ecosystem value; 2) the order of forest ecosystem services in cities from high value to low value is Lvliang, Xinzhou, Linfen, Jinzhong, Changzhi, Yuncheng, Jincheng, Datong, Taiyuan, Shuozhou, and Yangquan. The highest and lowest cities for monetary values per hectare of land are Jincheng and Shuozhou, respectively; 3) the order of forest ecosystem services in the stand forest from high value to low value is arboreal forest (Pinus tabuliformis, Quercus spp., mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, broad-leaved mixed forest, Betula spp. and Populus davidiana, Larix gmelinii, Populus spp. and soft-broad tree, Sophora japonica, Cupressus funebris, Coniferous mixed forest, Picea asperata, hard-broad tree, and bamboo grove), shrubbery, and economic forest; 4) the order of forest ecosystem services based on age-group from high value to low value is middle forest, young forest, mature and over-mature forest, and near-mature forest.