杭州市西湖景区春季空气细菌多样性特征

选取了杭州市西湖景区4个典型样点,利用高通量测序方法研究了其空气细菌多样性特征。结果表明,在细菌门水平上,各样点优势细菌为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),其总相对含量在断桥残雪(MSBB)、柳浪闻莺(OSW)、宝石流霞(PSHFRC)和三潭印月(TPMM)分别为88.31%、86.03%、85.06%和89.28%,且不同样点优势菌群存在一定的差异,OSW和TPMM厚壁菌门分别占9.65%和11.6%,拟杆菌门分别占6.86%和5.55%,MSBB和PSHFRC拟杆菌门分别占7.31%和7.86%,厚壁菌门分别占7.09%和5.32%。在细菌属水平上,各样点优势菌属及含量差异显著,MSBB、TPMM、OSW和PSHFRC相对含量最高的菌属分别为马赛菌属(Massilia)、两面神菌属(Janibacter)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium),分别占6.22%、6.45%、6.05%和11.5%,各样点相对含量高于2%的细菌属有鞘氨醇单胞菌属、甲基杆菌属、薄层菌属(Hymenobacter)和异常球菌属(Deinococcus),这些菌属是西湖景区各样点共有的优势菌群;通过空气细菌OTU及多样性分析可知,MSBB空气细菌丰富度较高,均匀度较低,而PSHFRC丰富度较低,均匀度较高。杭州西湖景区不同样点空气细菌群落特征差异显著,且其丰富度和均匀度明显不同。

Diversity of airborne bacterial community in spring in theWest Lake scenic areas of Hangzhou, China

The community composition of airborne bacteria was examined using high throughput sequencing at four selected sampling sites during spring in the West Lake scenic areas of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes at different sampling sites, and the relative content of these four phyla at the sampling sites of melting snow at broken bridge (MSBB), orioles singing in the willow (OSW), precious stone hill floating in rosy clouds (PSHFRC), and three pools mirroring the moon (TPMM) was 88.31%, 86.03%, 85.06% and 89.28%, respectively. Furthermore, a difference in the dominant bacterial phylum was detected at different sampling sites, and Firmicutes accounted for 9.65% and 11.6%, and Bacteroidetes 6.86% and 5.55% at OSW and TPMM, respectively. At the MSBB and PSHFRC sampling sites, Bacteroidetes accounted for 7.31% and 7.86%, and Firmicutes 7.09% and 5.32%, respectively. Significant differences in the airborne bacterial composition at the genus level were determined at the four selected sampling sites, and the most dominant bacterial genera were Massilia (6.22%), Janibacter (6.45%), Sphingomonas (6.05%), and Methylobacterium (11.5%) at the sampling sites of MSBB, TPMM, OSW, and PSHFRC, respectively. Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Hymenobacter, and Deinococcus were the common airborne bacteria at different sampling sites, that accounted for more than 2% of genera identified. Moreover, a high species richness and low homogeneity of airborne bacteria was detected at the MSBB sampling site, while a low species richness and high homogeneity was found at the PSHFRC sampling site. In general, significant differences in bacterial composition in the atmosphere were found at different sampling sites in the West Lake scenic areas of Hangzhou, and their richness and homogeneity were also significantly different.