呼伦贝尔草原草甸生态功能区建设效益评价

生态工程费用效益评价是对生态工程实施有效性及合理性的评估。基于费用效益理论,分析了呼伦贝尔草原草甸生态功能区建设费用投入情况,在区分气候与人类活动因素对生态效益变化的贡献率的基础上,采用遥感和统计数据从生态、经济和社会三个方面评价了该功能区的综合效益,计算功能区建设工程的效益-费用比,综合评估了呼伦贝尔草原草甸生态功能区建设的经济性。结果表明:(1)2010—2014年该功能区重点生态功能区相关领域建设总投入为84.31亿元,其中重点生态功能区建设投入为1.18亿元,占总投入的1.40%;(2)利用残差趋势分析法计算出人类活动因素对研究区产生生态效益变化的贡献率为37.25%,2011—2015年该功能区重点生态功能区建设产生的生态效益为12458.13万元;(3)2011—2015年该功能区重点生态功能区建设产生的经济效益和社会效益分别为4877.74万元和2804.85万元;(4)呼伦贝尔草原草甸生态功能区建设的工程效益-费用比为1.71,效益高于费用,证明该工程具有一定的经济性。研究将为国家重点生态功能区工程的不断完善以及加快推进实现国家重点生态功能区的功能定位提供一定的科学支撑。

Comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation of the Hulunbuir grassland meadow ecological function area

The cost-benefit evaluation of ecological engineering is an assessment of the effectiveness and rationality of ecological engineering implementation. Based on the cost-benefit theory, this study analyzed the investment cost of the Hulunbuir grassland meadow ecological function area (HGMEFA). In addition, based on the remote sensing and statistical data, we evaluated the comprehensive benefits of the HGMEFA from ecological, economic, and social perspectives and calculated the benefit-cost ratio of the project to comprehensively evaluate the economic efficiency of HGMEFA construction. The results showed that:(1) From 2010 to 2014, the total investment in the relevant fields of HGMEFA construction was 84.31 hundred million yuan, while the construction cost of the HGMEFA was 1.18 hundred million yuan, accounting for 1.40% of the total investment; (2) The contribution rate of ecological construction was 37.25%, and the ecological benefit of HGMEFA construction from 2011 to 2015 was 1.25 hundred million yuan; (3) The economic and social benefits of HGMEFA construction from 2011 to 2015 were 0.49 hundred million yuan and 0.28 hundred million yuan, respectively; (4) The engineering construction benefit-cost ratio of the HGMEFA was 1.71, with benefits higher than the investments, thereby proving that the project was economical. This study will provide scientific support for continuous improvement of the national key ecological function area project and acceleration of the functional orientation of the national key ecological function area.